Tourism (CIE IGCSE Geography)

Topic Questions

16 marks

Students from an international school in Singapore, a country in Southeast Asia, were studying tourism. Tourism is an important industry in Singapore and contributes about 10% of the country’s wealth.

Fig. 2.1 (below) shows the change in the number of tourists who visited Singapore between 2002 and 2017.

Note – SARS stands for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Fig.2.1

(i)

How many tourists visited Singapore in 2015?

............................. million

[1]

(ii)

Fig. 2.1 shows the impact of two global events on the number of tourists to Singapore. How did these events affect tourist numbers? Include statistics in your answer.

[3]

(iii)

Suggest two disadvantages for local people of many tourists going to Singapore.

1 ......................................................................................................
2 ......................................................................................................

[2]

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36 marks

The students produced a questionnaire for visitors to complete in order to test some hypotheses.

The questionnaire is shown in Fig. 2.3 (below).

Visitor survey

I am doing a survey of visitors to Singapore for my Geography fieldwork task. Please can you answer the following questions?

Are you a visitor to Singapore? Yes $□$ No
Which age group are you in?

$□$ 10-19 $□$ 50-59
$□$ 20-29 $□$ 60-69
$□$ 30-39 $□$ 70-79
$□$ 40-49 $□$ 80 and over
Which city/airport did you travel from? ............................................
How many days will you be staying in Singapore? ............................................
What is your main reason for coming to Singapore?

$□$ Business
$□$ Entertainment
$□$ Family or friends
$□$ Restaurants
$□$ Shopping
$□$ Theme parks
$□$ Other
Is your visit to Singapore a stop on a journey to another destination?
$□$ Yes $□$ No

Thank you for your time

Fig. 2.3

(i)

Why did the students first ask if the person was a visitor to Singapore?

[2]

(ii)

The students went to different tourist attractions to use their questionnaire. Fig. 2.4, below, is an extract from one student’s fieldwork diary, which describes his method for selecting people to survey.

Sampling method
The survey was done by systematic sampling.

Description of the method
I approached any person who walked past me and asked them to complete my questionnaire.

Fig. 2.4

What is wrong with the student’s description of his method? How should he have described his method?

[2]

(iii)

In class the students agreed on four hypotheses to test. These are shown in the table below. From their questionnaire in Fig. 2.3 (above), choose the questions which provide correct information for the hypotheses and write the question numbers in the table below.

Hypothesis	Question(s) to provide information
Most visitors to Singapore are over the age of 50.	.....................
Shopping is the main reason why people come to Singapore.	.....................
Most visitors stop in Singapore on their journey to another destination.	.....................
There is a positive relationship between the distance people travel to Singapore and the length of their visit.	..................... and .....................

[2]

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16 marks

Students in Mauritius, an island in the Indian Ocean, were studying tourism. Tourism is an important industry in Mauritius and earns much foreign income.

Fig. 2.1 shows the number of international tourists who visited Mauritius between 1995 and 2015.

(i) How many international tourists visited Mauritius in 2005?

Fig 2.1

[1]

(ii) Between which two years was there a decline in the number of international tourists visiting Mauritius?

[1]

(iii) Suggest four reasons why the number of international tourists visiting LEDCs, such as Mauritius, has increased in the last 30 years.
1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................

3 ........................................................................................................................................

4 ........................................................................................................................................

[4]

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26 marks

The students decided to investigate why international tourists came to Mauritius and what impact tourists had on people who lived on the island. Their two hypotheses were:

Hypothesis 1: The physical landscape attracts more tourists to Mauritius than the human landscape.

Hypothesis 2: Tourism is a good development for the residents of Mauritius.

To investigate Hypothesis 1 the students produced a questionnaire. This is shown in Fig. 2.2.

Fig 2.2

(i) When they showed their questionnaire to their teacher she suggested that before using the questionnaire they should ask:

‘Are you a tourist or do you live in Mauritius?’

Why do you think the teacher made this suggestion?

(ii) The answers to Question 1 (Which continent do you come from?) are shown in Table 2.1 below.

Table 2.1
Answers to Question 1

Continent	Number of tourists
Asia	17
Africa	14
Europe	55
Australia	2
North America	11
South America	1
Total	100

Using Table 2.1, give two conclusions about where tourists came from to visit Mauritius. Do not just copy out the statistics.

1 ........................................................................................................................................

2 ........................................................................................................................................

[2]

(iii) The answers to Question 2 (Which of the following physical landscape attractions are you visiting in Mauritius?) and Question 3 (Which of the following human landscape attractions are you visiting in Mauritius?) are shown in Table 2.2.

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Use this data to complete the bar graphs in Fig. 2.3 below, to show the number of visits made to the Casela Bird Park and the Grand Bassin temples.

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(iv) Complete the pie graph and key in Fig. 2.4 below to show the answers to Question 4 (Overall which attracted you most to Mauritius?).

	Percentage of tourists
Physical landscape attractions	58
Human landscape attractions	42

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(v) What conclusion would the students make to Hypothesis 1: The physical landscape attracts more tourists to Mauritius than the human landscape? Support your decision with evidence from Figs. 2.3 and 2.4 and Table 2.2.

[4]

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	Download	View
Easy
Medium

type of attraction	tick (✓)
cultural
man-made
natural vegetation
physical landscape

distance travelled (km)	length of visit (days)
4000	7
1100	8

Question 2: Main benefits of tourism	First choice	Second choice	Third choice	Total index score
More jobs and income	39	25	11	178
Improved standard of living	15	20	28	113
More modern services	4	10	13	45
Cleaner environment	5	2	3	22
Improved transport	12	10	14	70
More global awareness	3	19	11	58
Reduction in crime	10	9	7	55
More goods in shops	12	5	13	59

Question 3: Main disadvantages of tourism	First choice	Second	Third choice	Total index score
Noise pollution	7	12	10	55
Air pollution	26	16	12	122
Traffic congestion	27	23	18	145
More crime	5	7	8	37
Decline of traditional culture	11	8	16	65
Destruction of natural environment	5	12	15	54
More litter	7	14	12	61
Increase in cost of living	12	8	9	61

Main reason	Percentage (%) of visitors
Shopping	35
Theme parks	16
Family/friends	14
Business	10
Entertainment	9
Restaurants	5
Other	11

Statement	Tick (✓)
There are more benefits of tourism than disadvantages of tourism.
The total index score for benefits is greater than the total index score for disadvantages.
Overall people think the benefits of tourism are greater than the disadvantages.