IGCSEGeographyCIETopic Questions1. Population & Settlement1.1 Population Dynamics

Population Dynamics (CIE IGCSE Geography)

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1
Sme Calculator5 marks

Study Fig. 1, which shows information about the birth and death rates of four countries in 2023.

Country Birth rate (per 1000 of population) Death rate (per 1000 of population) Natural population change (per 1000 of population) Net migration (per 1000 of population)
Angola 41.4 7.8 +33.6 -0.2
Denmark 11.3 9.6 +1.7 +2.7
Nepal 17.3 5.6

 

 -4.3
Spain 7.1 10.1 -3 +4.2

(NB Net migration is the total number of immigrants minus the total number of emigrants) 

Fig. 1

(i)
Define natural population change?

[1]

(ii)

Using Fig. 1, identify the following:

-       the country with the highest birth rate …………………………….

-       the country with the highest rate of net migration………………………..

[2]

(iii)
Using Fig. 1, calculate the rate of natural population change for Nepal. You should show your calculations

[2]

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2
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Study Fig. 1 which shows life expectancy at birth for selected countries in 1960 and in 2016

q2-1-1-paper-2-cie-igcse-geography-tqs

Fig 1

(i)

Using Fig.1, identify the following:

-       the country with the lowest life expectancy in 2016 ……………………………. 

-       the country with the largest increase in life expectancy between 1960 and 2016………………………..   

[2]

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34 marks

Fig. 2.1 shows the estimated population growth of the continents between 1960 and 2100. Answer the questions below using Fig. 2.1.

q2-0460-s20-qp-21

(i)
What is the population of Africa expected to be in 2040?
[1]
(ii)
In which continent did the population grow the most between 1960 and 2000?
[1]
(iii)
In which continent is the population expected to grow the most between 2050 and 2100?
[1]
(iv)
Estimate the world population in 2100. Circle one answer below.

7 billion              9 billion               11 billion              13 billion

[1]

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44 marks

Table 2.1 gives information about the population in five countries.

Table 2.1

  Growth rate
(per thousand)		 Birth rate
(per thousand)		 Death rate
(per thousand)		 Net migration
(per thousand)
India 11.7   7.3 0
Italy 1.9 8.6 10.4 3.7
Japan –2.1 7.7 9.8 0
Latvia –10.9 9.7 14.5 –6.1
Malawi 33.1 41.0 7.9 0

(i)
Calculate the birth rate of India.

........................... per thousand
[1]
(ii)
Which one of the five countries has the greatest change per thousand in its population?
[1]
(iii)
The population of Latvia is decreasing. Using Table 2.1 only, give two reasons why.
[2]

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5
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Table 2.1 shows the total populations of the world and the Central African Republic.

Table 2.1

  2017 2050(predicted)
World 7515284000  9278694000
Central African Republic 5098000 8781000

Describe the predicted growth rate of the Central African Republic compared with the world.

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63 marks

Fig. 2.1 shows one estimate of the population growth rates of the countries in the world.

q2-0460_w20_qp_23

(i)
Some countries shown in Fig. 2.1 have growth rates of less than 0 (zero). How does this affect the total population of these countries?
[1]
(ii)

Using Fig. 2.1, describe the distribution of countries with growth rates of less than 0.

[2]

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73 marks

Table 2.1 gives information about the population change of two countries in 2018.

Table 2.1

  Growth rate
(per 1000)		 Birth rate
(per 1000)		 Death rate
(per 1000)		 Migration
(per 1000)
Angola 35   9 0
Bolivia   22 6 –1

(i)
Calculate the birth rate of Angola.
.................................................... per thousand

[1]

(ii)
Calculate the growth rate of Bolivia. Show your working in the box below.
Answer .................................................................. per thousand

[2]

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82 marks

Fig. 2.1 shows one estimate of the population growth rates of the countries in the world.

q2-0460_w20_qp_23

Using Fig. 2.1, describe the distribution of population growth rates in Africa. Do not use figures in your answer

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96 marks
q2-1
q2-2

An under-populated country is one where there are too few people to use all the resources to maximum efficiency. An over-populated country is one where there are too many people to be supported to a good standard by the resources of the country.

(i)
Give evidence from Fig. 2.1 which suggests that Bangladesh is an over-populated country.
[3]
(ii)
Give evidence from Fig. 2.2 which suggests that Australia is an under-populated country.
 [3]

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18 marks

Study Fig. 1, which shows information about the birth and death rates of four countries in 2023. 

Country Birth rate (per 1000 of population) Death rate (per 1000 of population) Natural population change (per 1000 of population) Net migration (per 1000 of population)
Angola 41.4 7.8 +33.6 -0.2
Denmark 11.3 9.6 +1.7 +2.7
Nepal 17.3 5.6

 

 -4.3
Spain 7.1 10.1 -3 +4.2

 (NB Net migration is the total number of immigrants minus the total number of emigrants)

(i)
Suggest reasons why birth rates are higher in LEDCs such as Angola. 

[4]

(ii)

Explain why some countries become underpopulated. 

[4]

 

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24 marks

Study Fig. 1 which shows life expectancy at birth for selected countries in 1960 and in 2016

q2-1-1-paper-2-cie-igcse-geography-tqs

Fig. 1

Suggest reasons why life expectancy is lower in many LEDCs. 

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