Syllabus Edition
First teaching 2023
First exams 2025
This question is about the synthesis and nature of amines.
State the reagents and conditions required for the conversion of 1-bromobutane into butylamine.
Explain why amines can act as bases.
Write an equation to show how ethylamine acts as a base when reacted with hydrochloric acid and give the name of the product formed in this reaction.
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Amines will react with acid chlorides to produce a different nitrogen containing product.
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Methylamine can be prepared from chloromethane.
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Chloroethane can also react with methylamine.
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Two separate solutions of methylamine, CH3NH2 and dimethylamine, (CH3)2NH, were left unlabelled in a laboratory.
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The structural formulae of four isomeric amines, A - D, with the molecular formula C3H9N are given in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1
| formula | systematic name | type of amine | |
| A | CH3CH2NHCH3 | N-methylethylamine | |
| B | (CH3)3N | tertiary | |
| C | CH3CH2CH2NH2 | ||
| D | CH3CH(NH2)CH3 |
Complete Table 2.1 to give the name and type of each amine. Each amine is primary, secondary or tertiary.
Predict whether amine A or D is a stronger base. Explain your answer.
Fig. 2.1 shows compound E, which can be formed by the reaction of ethanoyl chloride with one of the amines from Table 2.1.
Fig. 2.1
Identify the amine, A - D, that reacted with ethanoyl chloride to form compound E and name the byproduct of the reaction and the functional group that is formed.
Amine used in the reaction: ..............................
Byproduct of the reaction: ..............................
Functional group formed: ..............................
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The structures of hexylamine and cyclohexylamine are shown in Fig. 3.1.
Fig. 3.1
Explain why cyclohexylamine is not an isomer of hexylamine.
Compare the relative basicities of ammonia, hexylamine and phenylamine.
Explain your reasoning.
Hexylamine reacts with ethanoyl chloride, CH3COCl, to form an amide.
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