The American Civil War, 1861-1865 (Edexcel GCSE History)

The American Civil War took much of the government's attention and resources. This left the Plains relatively untouched by major developments. However, the aftermath of the American Civil War brought about several important changes. These changes influenced the development of the Plains.

One key impact of the American Civil War on the Plains was an increase in westward expansion and settlement. After the war, the federal government sought to promote settlement in the West. This would help to rebuild the nation after the conflict. As a result, the US government passed key laws to encourage migration. In 1862, the government introduced the Homestead Act and the Pacific Railroad Act. This opened the West up to more settlers, increasing the development of the West.

The American Civil War forced many indigenous tribes in the West to move or enter into reservations. The end of the Civil War increased US settlers in the Plains. This created more conflicts between settlers and indigenous tribes.

New states should not use slave labour. Instead of plantations, the West should have family farms worked on by free individuals

Southern states relied on slavery for their wealth. They believed that slavery should be legalised in the new states in the West

The US government granted citizenship to Black Americans

The US government had to repair the significant damage to the southern states caused by the Civil War

Ex-soldiers and former enslaved people travelled to the West to start new lives

The Confederacy rejoined the USA. They maintained racist laws in their states