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1 mark
1 markWhich of the following is not a main function of the kidneys in a healthy person?
To reabsorb all glucose.
To regulate blood pressure.
To breakdown toxins.
To eliminate excess sodium and potassium ions.
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Urinary System (Cambridge O Level Biology)
Topic Questions
21 mark
1 markThe image below shows the structure of the human urinary system.
Which row of the table below correctly matches the structures in the image to their names?
| renal artery | urethra | ureter | |
| A | W | Z | X |
| B | W | Z | Y |
| C | X | Y | Z |
| D | X | W | Y |
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31 mark
1 markWhich of the following would not be a function of the liver?
Assimilation of amino acids
Breakdown of alcohol
Deamination
Excretion of urea
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41 mark
Which row matches the parts of the urinary system to their functions?
| makes urine | carries urine | holds urine | removes urine from body |
|
| A | bladder | ureter | urethra | kidney |
| B | bladder | urethra | ureter | kidney |
| C | kidney | ureter | bladder | urethra |
| D | kidney | urethra | bladder | ureter |
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11 mark
1 markThe following table shows the composition of blood entering the kidneys of a healthy person.
| substance | % composition of blood entering the kidney |
| glucose | 0.20 |
| urea | 0.01 |
| protein | 7.00 |
Which row of the table below would show the percentage composition of blood of the same substances in the urine of a healthy person?
| composition of urine / % | |||
| glucose | urea | protein | |
| A | 0.00 | 2.50 | 0.00 |
| B | 0.00 | 2.50 | 3.50 |
| C | 2.00 | 0.00 | 7.00 |
| D | 0.20 | 0.01 | 0.00 |
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21 mark
1 markWhich of the following factors would affect the volume and concentration of urine produced by the kidneys?
- Exercise
- Temperature
- Water intake
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
3 only
All 3 of the above
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31 mark
1 markThe table below shows the composition of a solution found in the human body.
| component | concentration / arbitrary units |
| glucose | 0.00 |
| urea | 4.00 |
| protein | 0.00 |
| salts | 3.00 |
| amino acids | 0.00 |
In a healthy person, which of the following structures would contain this solution?
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41 mark
1 markThe image below shows a number of organs involved in helping rid the body of waste products.
Excess amino acids from the diet cannot be stored by the body. One of the products of their breakdown is urea.
Which row of the table below is correct?
| name for breakdown of excess amino acids | makes urea | removes urea from the blood | |
| A | assimilation | Y | Z |
| B | deamination | X | Y |
| C | assimilation | Y | X |
| D | deamination | X | Z |
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51 mark
The diagram represents the blood supply to the liver and the kidneys.
Which vessels contain blood with the highest and lowest concentrations of urea?
| highest | lowest | |
| A | 1 | 2 |
| B | 1 | 4 |
| C | 3 | 2 |
| D | 3 | 4 |
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11 mark
1 markEach kidney contains one million kidney tubules called nephrons. A nephron is shown in the image below.
Which row of the table below correctly shows where filtration and selective reabsorption occur?
| filtration | selective reabsorption | |
| A | 1 | 2 |
| B | 2 | 4 |
| C | 2 | 3 |
| D | 1 | 3 |
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21 mark
1 markWhich of the following substances would be reabsorbed by the kidneys?
Salts, urea and glycogen
Salts and glycogen
Salts and glucose
Urea and glucose
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31 mark
1 markWhich of the following statements correctly describes the function of the kidneys?
Reabsorbing glucose and removing urea.
Removing glucose and reabsorbing salts.
Deamination and reabsorption of glucose.
Making and removing urea.
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41 mark
The diagram shows structures in a human that form and store urine. Liquids pass through tubes X, Y and Z in the directions shown by the arrows. 
Which statement about the volume of liquid passing through Y in one day is correct?
It is greater than that passing through X.
It is less than that passing through Z.
It is much less than that passing through X but slightly greater than that passing through Z.
It is slightly less than that passing through X but much greater than that passing through Z.
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