Cell Communication (College Board AP Biology)

Compare the cell-signaling mechanisms of steroid hormones and protein hormones. 

The figure above represents a generalized hormone-signaling pathway. Briefly explain the role of each numbered step in regulating target gene expression. 

Describe FOUR steps in the activation of the mother's specific immune response following exposure to a bacterial pathogen. Predict how the mother's immune response would differ upon a second exposure to the same bacterial pathogen a year later.

Predict the most likely consequence for a nursing infant who is exposed to an intestinal bacterial pathogen (e.g., Salmonella) to which the mother was exposed three months earlier. Justify your prediction.