4.3 Depression

A researcher studying depression wanted to see whether or not there was a relationship between level of self-esteem and negative schema score. She constructed two questionnaires and asked ten people who had been diagnosed with depression to complete them.

One questionnaire measured the participant’s level of self-esteem. A low score indicated low self-esteem.

The other questionnaire measured whether the participant showed evidence of negative schema. A low score indicated evidence of negative schema.

The two sets of results for each participant are shown in the table below.

Table 1 Self-esteem score and negative schema score for each patient 

Is negative schema score best described as measuring a cognitive, emotional or behavioural characteristic of depression? Shade one box only

A    Cognitive

B    Emotional

C    Behavioural

Discuss the cognitive approach to treating depression.

Which two of the following are cognitive characteristics of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)?

Choose two from the options A, B, C, D and E.

A    Awareness that behaviour is irrational 

B    Compulsions 

C    Disgust 

D    High anxiety 

E    Obsessions