Group I Properties (Cambridge O Level Chemistry)

Topic Questions

1a1 mark

Rubidium, Rb, is a Group I element. It has similar physical and chemical properties to the other elements in Group I.

Predict how many electrons there are in the outer shell of a rubidium atom.

1b1 mark

Predict one physical property of rubidium which is the same as that of a transition element such as iron. 

1c2 marks

Predict two physical properties of rubidium which are different to those of a transition element such as iron.

1d7 marks

When rubidium is added to cold water a reaction occurs.

i)
Suggest two observations that would be made when rubidium is added to cold water.

[2]

ii)
What would be the colour of the solution if methyl orange was added to it after the reaction?

[1]

iii)
Write a chemical equation for the reaction between rubidium and water.

[2]

iv)
Put the Group I elements, caesium, lithium, potassium, rubidium and sodium in their order of reactivity with water, from the most reactive to the least reactive.

[1]

v)
Suggest one safety measure that should be used when rubidium is added to cold water.

[1]

1e1 mark

The phosphate ion has the formula PO43–.

Deduce the formula of rubidium phosphate.

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2a2 marks

For each of the following unfamiliar elements predict one physical and one chemical property.

Caesium (Cs)
Physical property ..............................................................................................................
Chemical property .............................................................................................................

2b2 marks

Vanadium (V)
Physical property ..............................................................................................................
Chemical property .............................................................................................................

2c2 marks

Fluorine (F)
Physical property ..............................................................................................................
Chemical property .............................................................................................................

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32 marks

Copper is a transition element. It has variable oxidation states.

State two other chemical properties of transition elements which make them different from Group I elements.

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4a1 mark

Sodium can be extracted from sodium bromide by electrolysis.

Sodium is a metal in Group I of the Periodic Table.

Describe one chemical property of sodium.

4b2 marks

Which two of these statements about the physical properties of sodium are correct?


Tick two boxes.

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1a1 mark

For each of the following, select an element from Period 4, potassium to krypton, which matches the description.

A metal that reacts rapidly with cold water to form a compound of the type M(OH)2 and hydrogen.

1b1 mark

Its only oxidation state is 0.

1c1 mark

It has a macromolecular oxide, XO2, which has similar physical properties to those of diamond.

1d1 mark

This is one of the metals alloyed with iron in stainless steel.

1e1 mark

It can be reduced to an ion of the type X.

1f1 mark

It can form a covalent hydride having the formula H2X.

1g1 mark

Its soluble salts are blue and its oxide is black.

1h1 mark

It is a liquid at room temperature.

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2a2 marks

Rubidium and strontium are very reactive metals at the top of the reactivity series. Because their ions have different charges, their compounds behave differently when heated.


The formulae of the ions of these two elements are Rb+ and Sr2+.


Explain why these metals, which are in different groups, form ions which have different charges.

2b5 marks

Strontium carbonate is similar to calcium carbonate. It is insoluble in water and it decomposes when heated. Rubidium carbonate is soluble in water and does not decompose when heated.

i)
Describe a method to prepare a pure sample of the insoluble salt, strontium carbonate, by precipitation.
[4]
ii)
Complete the equation for the decomposition of strontium carbonate.

SrCO3 → ............ + ............
[1] 

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1a1 mark

Choose an element from the list below which best fits the description.

Rb Fe Si I P Sr

An element which reacts with cold water.

1b1 mark

It is a solid at room temperature and exists as diatomic molecules, X2.

1c1 mark

It can form two oxides, XO and X2O3.

1d1 mark

This element has a hydride of the type XH3.

1e1 mark

It has a macromolecular structure similar to that of carbon.

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2a1 mark

For each of the following, give the name of an element from Period 3 (sodium to argon), which matches the description.

An element which is gaseous at room temperature and pressure

2b1 mark

An element that is added to water to kill bacteria.

2c1 mark

An element that forms a basic oxide of the type XO.

2d1 mark

An element that forms an amphoteric oxide.

2e1 mark

An element that reacts vigorously with cold water to produce hydrogen.

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3a1 mark

The properties of the first four Group I elements are shown in the table.

element density in g / cm3 melting point / °C boiling point / °C
lithium 0.53 181 1342
sodium 0.97 98 883
potassium 0.86 63 760
rubidium   39 686


Answer these questions using only the information in the table.

Describe the general trend in the boiling points of the Group I elements.

3b1 mark

Explain why it is difficult to predict the density of rubidium.

3c2 marks

Deduce the state of rubidium at 45 °C. Explain your answer.

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