AO1 (5 marks)/AO2 (15 marks)

Marking instructions

Markers must apply the descriptors in line with the general marking guidance and the qualities outlined in the levels-based mark scheme below.

Responses that demonstrate only AO1 without any AO2 should be awarded marks as follows:

Level 1 AO1 performance: 1 mark
Level 2 AO1 performance: 2 marks
Level 3 AO1 performance: 3 marks
Level 4 AO1 performance: 4–5 marks

Indicative content guidance

The indicative content below is not prescriptive and candidates are not required to include all of it. Other relevant material not suggested below must also be credited. Relevant points may include:

AO1

most rural regeneration is built around diversification of rural employment whilst protecting sensitive areas of the rural environment and is successful when it improves the living environment
here is a range of ways in measuring the success of regeneration, including economic and social measures and different groups use different criteria based on their lived experience of the place
rebranding aims to make an area more attractive to inward investors, especially in the post-production countryside, and create some economic regeneration
much rural rebranding is also aimed at potential visitors to increase both numbers and spending
different groups use different criteria based on their lived experience of most rural regeneration is built around diversification of rural employment whilst protecting sensitive areas of the rural environment

AO2

rebranding alone is unlikely to lead to significant change – attracting more visitors without the regeneration necessary to cater for those visitors is liable to create as many problems as it solves, e.g. traffic problems, saturation at ‘honeypot’ sites
rebranding may stress an area’s rurality, its tranquility and remoteness, which might deter some types of potential inward investment, particularly secondary and quaternary industry
planning restrictions allied to rebranding (National Parks) that emphasise rural heritage and landscape will restrict the growth of industrial employment and therefore, limit the range of regeneration opportunities
if rebranding leads to greater visitor volume, retired local residents may see this in strongly negative terms – they have no potential for economic benefit but considerable risk for social losses – loss of lifestyle
younger local residents and the unemployed will welcome rebranding if it leads to real diversification, with both a greater number of jobs and more variation in employment opportunities
if rebranding makes any area more attractive for second-home owners and inward migration then it may have negative impacts on the availability of housing for local residents
local farmers and landowners may be able to diversify if rebranding attracts more visitors but will need access to investment funds and help with the local infrastructure to achieve it
along the rural-urban continuum the most economically successful rural areas are generally geographically close to urban areas and economically tied to them – these areas rarely resort to rebranding strategies suggesting rebranding is not an essential
however, remote rural regions may well be in competition with each other and require some rebranding to generate increased demand but this is unlikely to lead to successful regeneration without substantial aid from the state

Accept rebranding as a sub-set of regeneration.

Depends on chosen example(s) but likely to use their own local urban place and material from their urban area.

16- 20 Marks Level Description:

Demonstrates accurate and relevant geographical knowledge and understanding throughout. (AO1)
Applies knowledge and understanding of geographical information/ideas to find fully logical and relevant connections/relationships. (AO2)
Applies knowledge and understanding of geographical information/ideas to produce a full and coherent interpretation that is supported by evidence. (AO2)
Applies knowledge and understanding of geographical information/ideas to come to a rational, substantiated conclusion, fully supported by a balanced argument that is drawn together coherently. (AO2)

Management of Regeneration (Edexcel A Level Geography)

Topic Questions