Explain why future global warming may be inevitable.
(4)
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Explain why future global warming may be inevitable.
(4)
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Year | Area in million km2 January |
Rank Order |
Area in million km2 July |
Rank Order |
d | d2 |
1970 | 48.26 | 3 | 4.94 | 2= | 0.5 | 0.25 |
1975 | 44.95 | 11 | 4.60 | 4 | 7 | 49 |
1980 | 45.91 | 9 | 5.40 | 1 | 8 | 64 |
1985 | 50.18 | 1 | 4.94 | 2= | –1.5 | 2.25 |
1990 | 45.67 | 10 | 2.97 | 8 | 2 | 4 |
1995 | 46.13 | 8 | 3.97 | 5 | 3 | 9 |
2000 | 47.61 | 4 | 3.55 | 6= | –2.5 | 6.25 |
2005 | 46.56 | 6 | 3.55 | 6= | –0.5 | |
2010 | 48.84 | 2 | 2.51 | 10 | –8 | 64 |
2015 | 47.15 | 5 | 2.52 | 9 | –4 | 16 |
2020 | 46.36 | 7 | 2.41 | 11 | –4 | 16 |
Σd2 = |
Table 1
Complete Table 1 by calculating the value of d2 for the year 2005 and then calculating the value of Σd2
(2)
Using the formula below, now calculate Rs.
Rs = 1 −
Give your answer to two decimal places.
You must show your working.
(2)
Rs = .....................................
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Study Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 in Section A of the Resource Booklet.
Analyse the evidence that Arctic and Antarctic temperature changes are extreme.
(8)
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Study Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6 in Section A of the Resource Booklet.
Analyse the global implications of climate change in these polar regions.
(4)
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Study the resources in Section B of the Resource Booklet.
Evaluate the view that the exploitation of resources in the Arctic and Antarctica will create more costs than benefits.
(18)
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Evaluate the view that the Arctic is more likely to be a focus of both short-term and long-term political conflict than Antarctica.
(24)
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Explain the differences between colonial and neo-colonial mechanisms of maintaining power.
(4)
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(2)
χ2 =
Show your working.
χ2.........................
Level of development | Low human development | Medium human development |
High human development |
Very high human development |
Observed | 14 | 4 | 7 | 13 |
Expected | 9.50 | 9.50 | 9.50 | 9.50 |
(O-E)2 | 20.25 | 30.25 | 6.25 | 12.25 |
(O-E)2 / E | 2.13 | 3.18 | 0.66 | 1.29 |
Table 1
To test the significance of this value for χ2 the table below was used to determine which hypothesis should be accepted.
State the result of this test of significance.
90% significant (0.1) | 95% significant (0.05) | 99% significant (0.01) | |
Critical value | 6.25 | 7.81 | 11.34 |
State the result of this test of significance.
(2)
(4)
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Study Figures 1, 2, 3a and 3b in Section A of the Resource Booklet.
Analyse the evidence that the trade profile of Latin America might hinder its development.
(8)
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Study Figure 4 and Figure 5 in Section A of the Resource Booklet.
Analyse the relationship between inequalities and the level of social and economic development.
(8)
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Study the resources in Section B of the Resource Booklet.
Evaluate the view that economic development based on natural resources inevitably leads to environmental degradation (destruction).
(18)
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Evaluate the view that Latin American countries cannot develop whilst the USA
remains the dominant global superpower.
(24)
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Explain how one theory of development can help an understanding of global patterns of power.
(4)
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Country (population size in millions) |
GDP per capita in $US |
Rank | Military spending as a % of GDP |
Rank | d | d2 |
United States (324.5) | 57,436 | 10 | 5.7 | 4 | 6 | 36 |
Ireland (4.7)a (32.9) | 55,158 | 11 | 15.2 | 1 | 10 | 100 |
Netherlands (17.0) | 51,049 | 12 | 2.8 | 9 | 3 | 9 |
United Arab Emirates (9.4) | 67,871 | 8 | 5.0 | 5 | 3 | 9 |
Switzerland (8.4) | 59,561 | 9 | 1.7 | 10 | -1 | 1 |
Singapore (5.7) | 87,855 | 3 | 4.8 | 6 | -3 | 9 |
Norway (5.3) | 69,249 | 6 | 2.9 | 8 | -2 | 4 |
Ireland (4.7) | 69,231 | 7 | 0.6 | 12 | -5 | 25 |
Kuwait (4.1) | 71,887 | 5 | 8.2 | 2 | 3 | 9 |
Qatar (2.6) | 127,660 | 1 | 3.2 | 7 | -6 | 36 |
Luxembourg (0.6) | 104,003 | 2 | 1.1 | 11 | -9 | 81 |
Brunei (0.4) | 76,884 | 4 | 6.6 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Σd2 = |
Table 1
Military spending as a % of GDP for the 12 richest countries, as measured by their GDP per capita
Show your working. Give your answer to two decimal places.
(4)
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Study Figure 1 and Figure 2 in Section A of the Resource Booklet.
Analyse the pattern of earthquakes in Japan and its surrounding region.
(8)
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Study Figure 3 and Figure 4 in Section A of the Resource Booklet.
Analyse the relationship between earthquake risk and population density in the Japanese archipelago.
(8)
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Study Section B in the Resource Booklet.
Evaluate the view that international trade is the main factor in the success of the Japanese economy.
(18)
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Evaluate the view that Japan’s status as a significant global power is unsustainable.
(24)
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Explain one reason why many national governments have been keen to join free trade blocs.
(4)
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Countries | Size of economy GDP (US$ billions) |
Population (millions) |
GDP per capita (US$) |
Brunei | 16.2 | 0.4 | 40 500 |
Cambodia | 16.2 | 15.2 | 1 066 |
Indonesia | 868.4 | 250.8 | 3 462 |
Laos | 11.0 | 6.8 | 1 617 |
Malaysia | 313.2 | 29.7 | 10 545 |
Myanmar | 44.9 | 62.0 | 724 |
Philippines | 272.1 | 98.4 | 2 765 |
Singapore | 297.9 | 5.4 | 55 167 |
Thailand | 67.0 | 5 781 | |
Vietnam | 170.6 | 89.7 | 1 902 |
ASEAN (total) |
Table 1
Economic and population data for the 10 ASEAN countries
(4)
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Study Table 1 on Page 4 of the Question Paper and Figure 2 in Section A of the Resource Booklet, both of which show data for the 10 ASEAN countries.
Analyse the differences in their social, economic and political development.
(8)
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Study Figure 3 in Section A of the Resource Booklet.
Analyse the varied level of interconnectedness within the ASEAN free trade bloc.
(8)
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Study Section B and Section C of the Resource Booklet.
Evaluate the role of superpowers in the development of the Southeast Asian region.
(18)
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You should have read the whole of the Resource Booklet, including Section D, before attempting this question.
Evaluate the view that climate change and natural hazards pose the most serious threat to the economic, social and political stability of Southeast Asia.
(24)
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Explain why tropical rainforests are a globally important physical system.
(4)
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Country | Income per capita (2014 US$) |
Rank | % forest cover loss 1990–2005 |
Rank | d | d2 |
Brunei | 36,600 | 1 | 11.2 | 7 | ||
Costa Rica | 10,000 | 4 | 29.4 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Indonesia | 3,500 | 6 | 30.8 | 2 | ||
Kenya | 1,400 | 8 | 5.1 | 9 | 1 | 1 |
Madagascar | 450 | 10 | 1.5 | 10 | ||
Mexico | 10,700 | 3 | 15.3 | 5 | 2 | 4 |
Panama | 11,100 | 2 | 18.0 | 4 | 2 | 4 |
Papua New Guinea | 2,100 | 7 | 13.7 | 6 | 1 | 1 |
Senegal | 1,000 | 9 | 9.2 | 8 | 1 | 1 |
Sri Lanka | 3,600 | 5 | 35.0 | 1 | ||
Ʃ |
R = .............................
(4)
(4)
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Study Figure 3 in Section B of the Resource Booklet, which shows data for three countries.
Analyse the differences in level of development for the three countries shown.
(8)
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Study Figure 9 in Section C of the Resource Booklet, which shows data on natural resources exports versus income per person.
Analyse the relationship between income per capita and natural resource exports.
(8)
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Study the resources in Section C of the Resource Booklet.
Evaluate the economic strengths and weaknesses of Angola, Congo and DRC.
(18)
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You are advised to read Section D of the Resource Booklet before attempting this question.
Evaluate the view that the natural resources found in the three countries shown are more of a ‘curse’ than a ‘blessing’ for their people and environment.
(24)
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