4 marksUse the words in the box to complete the gaps in the definition of thermal energy.
| higher possessed lower gained temperature heat movement |
Thermal energy is defined as the energy ................................ by an object due to its ................................ .
Thermal energy is transferred from a region of ................................ temperature to a region of ................................ temperature.
2 marksIdentify, by placing a tick (✓) next to the correct statements in Table 1.1 about energy and thermal energy.
| Statements | Place a tick (✓) here if correct |
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The conservation of energy states that energy is never created or destroyed, only transferred from one form to another. |
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When a thermometer is placed in a beaker of boiling water, the thermometer reading increases. This is because the liquid in the thermometer is a lot warmer than the water. |
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Temperature tells us the magnitude of energy flow when two regions are in contact. |
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The mechanism by which the thermal energy is transferred is by either conduction, convection or radiation. |
1 markAdd an arrow to Fig. 1.1 to indicate the direction of energy flow between the 100 °C and the 0 °C region.
4 marksThe four statements in Table 1.2 describe the process of thermal energy transfer.
Order the sentences chronologically, by writing numbers 1−4 in the right column, to describe this process.
Table 1.2
| Statements about thermal energy transfer | Number the stages of the process |
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Two regions need to be in contact for thermal energy transfer to occur. |
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The final temperature when two regions are in thermal equilibrium depends on the initial temperature difference between them. |
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Thermal energy is transferred from the hot region to the cold region. |
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The hotter region will cool down and the cooler region will heat up until they reach the same temperature. |
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