IGCSEMaths A: HigherEdexcelFlashcards

Number Toolkit (Edexcel IGCSE Maths A)

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Cards in this collection (38)

  • Define exponent.

    An exponent is a power or order used in mathematical expressions to represent repeated multiplication of a base number.

  • What does the symbol ≈ mean?

    The symbol ≈ means approximately equal to.

  • True or False?

    The equals sign (=) is used to show that two expressions are identical.

    False.

    The equals sign (=) is used to show that two expressions are equal, while the identical sign (≡) is used to show that two expressions are identical.

  • Define inequality.

    An inequality is a statement that compares two quantities in terms of their size using symbols such as >, <, ≥, or ≤.

  • What is the definition of BIDMAS/BODMAS?

    BIDMAS/BODMAS is an acronym that stands for the order of operations in mathematics: Brackets, Indices, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction.

  • True or False?

    The symbol ± is used to represent two distinct answers.

    True.

    The symbol ± is used to represent two distinct (different) answers, often in quadratic equations.

  • True or False?

    When using BIDMAS/BODMAS on a calculation that only involves addition and subtraction, the calculation should be performed from left to right.

    True.

    When using BIDMAS/BODMAS on a calculation that only involves addition and subtraction, the calculation should be performed from left to right.

  • Define the term numerator.

    The numerator is the top number in a fraction that represents the number of parts being considered.

  • What does the square root symbol (√) represent?

    The square root symbol (√) represents the opposite (inverse) operation of squaring a number.

  • True or False?

    When using BIDMAS/BODMAS on a calculation that only involves multiplication and division, the divisions should always be performed first.

    False.

    When using BIDMAS/BODMAS on a calculation that only involves multiplication and division, the calculation should be performed from left to right.

  • What is the rule for multiplying two negative numbers?

    When multiplying two negative numbers, the result is a positive number.

  • What is the rule for multiplying a positive and a negative number?

    When multiplying a positive and a negative number, the result is a negative number.

  • True or False?

    Subtracting a negative number is the same as adding a positive number.

    True.

    Subtracting a negative number is the same as adding a positive number.

  • True or False?

    When finding the square of a negative number, the result is positive.

    True.

    When finding a square of a negative number, the result is positive.

    This is because you are multiplying a negative by a negative, which results in a positive.

  • When finding the cube of a negative number, is the result positive or negative?

    When finding the cube of a negative number, you are multiplying a negative by a negative, by a negative so the final result is a negative.

  • True or False?

    Subtracting a negative from a number will always result in a positive answer.

    False.

    Although subtracting a negative number is equivalent to adding a positive number, the final result will only be positive if the number you are adding it to is large enough.

    For example, the calculation negative 3 minus negative 5 equals 2 but the calculation negative 7 minus negative 5 equals negative 2.

  • True or False?

    open parentheses negative 3 close parentheses squared equals negative 3 squared

    False.

    open parentheses negative 3 close parentheses squared equals negative 3 cross times negative 3 equals 9 but negative 3 squared equals negative open parentheses 3 cross times 3 close parentheses equals negative 9.

    It is always important to put brackets around negative values when you are substituting them into calculations!

  • Define the term currency.

    A currency is a system of money in general use in a particular country or region.

  • What is the most common way to round money in calculations?

    The most common way to round money in calculations is to two decimal places.

  • True or False?

    Large monetary amounts, such as the cost of a car, are usually rounded to the nearest whole number, e.g. nearest dollar.

    True.

    Large monetary amounts, such as the cost of a car, are usually rounded to the nearest whole number.

  • Define the term exchange rate.

    An exchange rate is the value of one currency expressed in the value of another currency, e.g. 1 USD = 0.8 GBP.

  • How do you find the exchange rate between two currencies?

    You can find the exchange rate between two currencies if you know an amount in each currency that has the same value.

    Exchange Rate = (Value of Currency A) / (Value of Currency B)

  • True or False?

    Monetary values given in more than two decimal places within a question should be rounded to two decimal places before doing any calculations.

    False.

    Monetary values given in more than two decimal places should be used in the working and only rounded to two decimal places for the final answer.

  • What mathematical operation does the word sum imply?

    The word sum implies that you need to add numbers together.

  • True or False?

    The word share implies that you need to divide numbers.

    True.

    The word share implies that you need to divide numbers.

  • What word is often used to imply that two numbers should be multiplied together?

    The word product is often used to imply that you need to multiply two numbers together.

  • Define the term division.

    Division is the mathematical operation of separating a quantity into equal parts or portions.

  • True or False?

    There are several different methods that you can use to multiply together two numbers.

    True.

    There are several methods that you could use to multiply together two numbers including: the lattice method, partition method, repeated addition method, grid method and column multiplication.

    You only need to be able to do one method!

  • If you are asked to find the difference of two numbers, which operation should you use?

    Subtraction is the mathematical operation of finding the difference between two numbers by taking one number away from another.

  • How is factoring and cancelling used to perform a division?

    A division can be treated like a fraction where common factors from both the numerator and denominator can be found and cancelled.

    For example, 1008 divided by 28 can be written as 1008 over 28

    You can then cancel it to its simplest form by finding common factors, 1008 over 28 equals 504 over 14 equals 252 over 7 equals 36

  • What is an inverse operation?

    An inverse operation is an 'opposite' operation and can undo another operation. For example, addition and subtraction are inverse operations.

  • What does the commutative property mean for multiplication?

    The commutative property means that, for multiplication, the order of the numbers does not affect the result.

    For example, 6 × 4 = 4 × 6.

  • Define the term related calculations.

    Related calculations allow you to work out answers to difficult problems using easier, related calculations that you already know the answer to.

  • True or False?

    You can use related calculations to find the answer to a division problem if you know the corresponding multiplication fact.

    True.

    If you know a multiplication fact like 3 × 5 = 15, you can use related calculations and inverse operations to find that 15 ÷ 3 = 5 and 15 ÷ 5 = 3.

  • True or False?

    Related calculations can be used to make multiplying and dividing with decimals easier.

    True.

    You can use a related question that is easier to solve and then adjust the answer to make it appropriate for the original question.

    For example, each value in the calculation 0.3 x 1.6 could be multiplied by 10 to become 3 x 16, which has an answer of 48. This can then be divided by 100 to give an answer of 0.48 for the original question.

  • Define the term multiple.

    A multiple is the product of a number and a whole number.

    For example, 10 is a multiple of 2 because 10 = 2 × 5.

  • True or False?

    Estimation can be used to check answers found using related calculations.

    True.

    Any answers that you have found using related calculations can be checked using estimation by rounding the numbers and performing a simpler calculation.

  • How can you use related calculations to simplify a decimal division problem?

    If the number you are dividing by is a decimal, use a multiple of 10 to change it to an integer before carrying out any calculations using related calculations.

1. Numbers & the Number System
2. Equations, Formulae & Identities
3. Sequences, Functions & Graphs
4. Geometry & Trigonometry
5. Vectors & Transformation Geometry
6. Statistics & Probability