1.1 States of Matter (Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry)

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Front1.1.1 The Three States of Matter
Name the interconversion that takes place when a liquid becomes a solid.

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Cards in this collection (37)

Name the interconversion that takes place when a liquid becomes a solid.
The interconversion that takes place when a liquid becomes a solid is called freezing.
What type of energy allows particles to move in the liquid state?
The type of energy that allows particles to move in the liquid state is kinetic energy.
State what is meant by sublimation.
Sublimation is when a solid changes directly into a gas.
Which state of matter has particles very close together that vibrate about a fixed position?
The solid state state has particles very close together that vibrate about a fixed position.
True or False?
Particles in a liquid move quickly in all directions.
False.
Particles in a liquid have restricted movement and move around each other. Gas particles move quickly in all directions.
True or False?
Energy is needed to change a gas to a liquid.
False.
Energy is released when a gas changes into a liquid.
True or False?
The melting point and freezing point of a substance are the same.
True.
There is no difference between the melting point and freezing point.
What happens to the forces of attraction when a solid turns to a liquid?
When a solid turns to a liquid, the forces of attraction are overcome or broken.
True or False?
The three states of matter are solids, liquids and gases.
True.
The three states of matter are solids, liquids and gases.
What is melting?
Melting is when a solid changes into a liquid.
What is boiling?
Boiling is when a liquid changes into a gas.
What is freezing?
Freezing is when a liquid changes into a solid.
What is evaporation?
Evaporation is when a liquid changes into a gas.
What is condensation?
Condensation is when a gas changes into a liquid, usually on cooling.
What does the term interconversion of state mean?
Interconversion of state is the change of matter from one state to another due to changes in temperature or pressure.
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
True or False?
Diffusion provides evidence for the kinetic theory of matter.
True.
Diffusion provides evidence for the kinetic theory of matter.
What is dilution?
Dilution is the process of making a solution less concentrated by adding more solvent.
True or False?
Diffusion in liquids is faster than in gases.
False.
Diffusion in liquids is slower than in gases because the particles in a liquid are closely packed together and move more slowly.
True or False?
In potassium manganate (VII) solution, the particles can easily mix together.
True.
The particles can easily mix together because the water and potassium manganate (VII) particles are moving randomly and the particles can slide over each other
True or False?
Bromine gas is red-brown.
True.
Bromine is red-brown as a gas.
What is a solvent?
A solvent is the liquid in which a solute dissolves.
What is a solute?
A solute is the substance which dissolves in a liquid to form a solution.
What is a solution?
A solution is the mixture formed when a solute is dissolved in a solvent.
What is a saturated solution?
A saturated solution is a solution with the maximum amount of solute dissolved in the solvent.
State what is meant by the term soluble.
Soluble describes a substance that will dissolve.
State what is meant by the term insoluble.
Insoluble describes a substance that will not dissolve.
True or False?
Water is the solvent in seawater.
True.
The water in sea water is the solvent.
True or False?
An example of a solute is sand.
False.
Sand does not dissolve in water so it cannot be a solute.
True or False?
Vinegar is an example of a solution.
True.
Vinegar contains ethanoic acid and water, so it is a solution.
True or False?
The solubility of a saturated solution can change.
True.
Solubility varies with temperature. A solution maybe saturated at room temperature but not at a higher temperature.
True or False?
The solubility of solids is affected by temperature.
True.
Solubility of solids is affected by temperature. As temperature increases, solids usually become more soluble.
How is solubility of gases affected by temperature?
As temperature increases, gases become less soluble.
How is solubility of gases affected by pressure?
As pressure increases, gases become more soluble.
What is a solubility curve?
A solubility curve represents solubility in g per 100 g of water plotted against temperature.
State what is meant by the term solubility.
Solubility is the maximum amount of a substance that will dissolve in a given volume of solvent at a specific temperature.
What is the formula for calculating solubility?
The formula for calculating solubility is:
$Solubility = \frac{Mass of solute}{Mass of solvent}$