Define a tenant-in-chief in Norman England.
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Define a tenant-in-chief in Norman England.
A tenant-in-chief was a large landholder in Norman England, sometimes they are known as a baron. They swear an oath of loyalty to a king to receive their land. They were expected to stop rebellions and provide William soldiers.
Approximately how many tenants-in- chief did William the Conqueror have?
William the Conqueror had approximately 190 tenants-in- chief.
True or False?
The Anglo-Saxon rebellions in 1068, 1069, and 1070-1071 showed that William could not trust Anglo-Saxon nobility.
True.
The Anglo-Saxon rebellions in 1068, 1069, and 1070-1071 showed that William could not trust Anglo-Saxon nobility.
What changes did William the Conqueror make to thegns after the Anglo- Saxon revolts?
William the Conqueror made thegns dependent on their Norman lords and they had smaller areas of land after the Anglo- Saxon revolts.
Did the Anglo- Saxon rebellions motivate William the Conqueror to make changes to how land was distributed?
Yes.
The Anglo- Saxon rebellions motivated William the Conqueror to make changes to how land was distributed. He gave Anglo-Saxon land to Normans and controlled how much land a landholder got as well as how many soldiers and resources they had.
How did William the Conqueror reward his loyal followers after the Anglo- Saxon rebellions?
William the Conqueror rewarded his loyal followers after the Anglo- Saxon rebellions by creating new earldoms and forcing those who lost their land to name a Norman heir.
Define land grabs in Norman England.
A land grab in Norman England is the act of taking an area of land by force for military or economic reasons. After the Anglo- Saxon revolts some Normans forced Anglo- Saxons to forfeit their land by land grabs.
Define tenure in Norman England.
Tenure is the Latin term meaing 'to hold'. Tenure means the legal right to use or own a piece of land or property.
What were the two methods of land tenure under Edward the Confessor?
Two methods of land tenure under Edward the Confessor were:
Bookland
Lease
Describe the bookland system of landholding in Anglo-Saxon England.
In the bookland system, land was granted by a lord in exchange for loyalty. The landholder received a charter confirming their right to the land, which they held indefinitely and could pass down to their heirs or sell.
True or False?
The lord granted the land under a lease land tenure.
False.
The landowner granted the land under a lease land tenure in exchange for money.
For every five hides of land, did a Anglo- Saxon landowner have to provide one solider to the fyrd?
Yes.
For every five hides of land, an Anglo- Saxon landowner had to provide one solider to the fyrd. They also had to pay geld tax.
Under William the Conqueror's new landholder system what happened if an Anglo- Saxon landholder refused to pay to claim their land?
If an Anglo- Saxon landholder refused to pay to claim their land their land would be returned to the King.
Did William the Conqueror own all the land in England?
Yes.
William stated that he owned all the land in England. Previous Anglo-Saxon landowners were technically landholders in this new system. They had to pay William money to retain their land.
True or False?
In William the Conqueror's new landholder system landowners could pass down land to heirs.
True.
In William the Conqueror's new landholder system landowners could pass down land to heirs. However, heirs had to pay William a tax to inherit the land.
Could a tenant-in-chief seize the land of any thegns?
No.
A tenant-in-chief could onlt seize the land of any thegns if they rebelled or did not meet the conditions of landholding.
What type of peasant experienced the biggest change under Norman rule?
Ceorls experienced the biggest change under Norman rule. They were brought under the rule of Norman tenants- in - chief and decreased in numbers.
True or False?
Many Anglo- Saxons believed that William's ability to win battles showed that he deserved to rule England.
True.
Many Anglo- Saxons believed that William's ability to win battles showed that he deserved to rule England. Anglo-Saxons believed that God was on their side if a person had luck.
Did all Anglo- Saxons consider William the Conqueror as the legitimate King of England?
No.
Not all Anglo- Saxons consider William the Conqueror as the legitimate King of England. Edgar Aethling had a claim to the throne due to being a blood relative of Edward the Confessor.
Name three reasons William the Conqueror was a legitimate king of England.
William the Conqueror was a legitimate king of England because he was promised the throne and was cousin to Edward the Confessor. He also beat Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings.
Why did William the Conqueror hold public ceremonies across England?
William held public ceremonies across England to reinforce his legitimacy, demonstrate piety, strengthen loyalty bonds with local officials and lords, and deter rebellions by displaying his power and presence.
Define a writ in Norman England.
A writ is a form of written command in the name of a court or the monarch. William found writs a useful method to maintain control of England
True or False?
William the Conqueror used coins and royal seals.
True.
William the Conqueror used coins and royal seals. This helped to reinforce his legitimacy as king.
Why did William believe that his reign relied upon his movement around England?
William believed that his reign relied upon his movement around England because it would increase how many people accepted William as king, reinforce his power, and deter rebellions.
Who was below the tenants in chief in the chain of command William the Conqueror used on landholding in Norman England?
Below the tenants- in- chief in the order of the chain of command were thegns and ceorls (tenants). The king was at the top.
Were oath-taking ceremonies important in Norman England?
Yes.
Oath-taking ceremonies were very important. They symbolised loyalty to the king and were seen as binding by the people, who believed breaking an oath was a grave sin.