GCSEGeography: B (1GB0)EdexcelTopic Questions4. The UK's Evolving Physical Landscape4.3 River Processes and Pressure

River Processes and Pressure (Edexcel GCSE Geography: B (1GB0))

Topic Questions

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1a1 mark

Study Figure 3 which is a hydrograph showing the changing discharge of the River Thames at Kingston during a major flood event.

fig-3-june-2018-paper-2-gcse-edexcel-b-geo

Figure 3

a)
Identify which one of the following is the best description of this flood event.
(1)
  ☐ A Discharge exceeded 500 cumecs for over 20 days.
  ☐ B Peak discharge was 1000 cumecs higher than discharge on Day 1.
  ☐ C Peak discharge was over 20 times higher than discharge on Day 1.
  ☐ D Discharge was highest on Day 58.

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1b2 marks
b)
Explain one reason why high discharge is likely to increase erosion.

(2)

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1c4 marks
c)
Explain two ways in which human activities can affect storm hydrographs.
(4)

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28 marks

Analyse Figure 4 which shows the amount of money spent on river and coastal flood defences in the UK, 2005–2015.

fig-4-specimen-paper-2-gcse-edexcel-b-geo

Figure 4

  • Flood risks have been increasing in the UK and are likely to increase further due to climate change.
  • On average, flood damage costs the UK over £1bn a year, with damage in some years costing more than £6bn (2015).
  • The government calculates that an extra £25 billion over and above current spending needs to be spent on flood defences over the next 100 years.
  • If spending on flood defences is increased, potential savings are estimated to be £125 bn.

Assess the costs and benefits of future increases in spending on flood defences in the UK.

(8)

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3a3 marks
a)
Study Figure 3 which is a diagram showing some differences along the course of a river.

fig-3-specimen-paper-2-gcse-edexcel-b-geo

Figure 3

i)
Which one of the following is the best description of the differences between the river channel at A and B?

(1)

  ☐ A It is narrower and shallower at A than at B.
  ☐ B It is wider and deeper at A than at B.
  ☐ C It is wider and shallower at A than at B.
  ☐ D It is narrower and deeper at A than at B.

ii)
Describe how river discharge is calculated.

(2)

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3b4 marks
b)
For a named river, explain why it floods.

(4)

Named river ......................................................

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4a
Sme Calculator1 mark

Study Figure 3 which is a flood risk map for part of Reading, Berkshire.

fig-3-qp-nov-2020-paper-2-gcse-edexcel-b-geofig-3-1-qp-nov-2020-paper-2-gcse-edexcel-b-geo

Figure 3

a)
Identify which one of the following is the best description of the flood risk in this part of Reading.
(1)
  ☐ A The north-east area of the map has many areas at risk
  ☐ B The western half of the map has most of the flood-risk areas
  ☐ C The B3031 will often be closed because of flooding
  ☐ D There are more high-risk areas than low-risk areas

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4b
Sme Calculator2 marks
b)
Explain one way in which human activity can increase the risk of river flooding.
(2)

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4c
Sme Calculator4 marks
c)
Explain how both the processes of erosion and deposition create river meanders.

You may use a diagram to help your answer.
(4)

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5a1 mark

Study Figure 3 which is a photograph of the River Severn in Shropshire.

fig-3-june-2019-paper-2-gcse-edexcel-b-geo

Figure 3

a)
Identify which one of the following is the best description of the river landforms shown.

(1)

  ☐ A Waterfalls
  ☐ B Rapids
  ☐ C Meanders
  ☐ D Deltas

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5b2 marks
b)
Explain one way in which rivers transport their load.
(2)

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5c4 marks
c)
Explain two differences between upper course and lower course river landscapes.
(4)

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