A LevelBiologyOCRTopic Questions5. Communication, Homeostasis & Energy5.7 Respiration

Respiration (OCR A Level Biology)

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1
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The diagram below shows a mitochondrion.

5-7-respiration-easy-q1

What is the structure labelled B called?

  • Intermembrane Space

  • Cristae

  • Matrix

  • Outer mitochondrial membrane

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2
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What is the end product of glycolysis during aerobic respiration?

  • Citrate

  • Lactic acid

  • Pyruvate

  • Triose phosphate

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3
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NAD and FAD are examples of what?

  • Coenzymes

  • Cofactors

  • Electrons

  • Enzymes

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4
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Oxidative phosphorylation is the last stage of aerobic respiration.

Which of the following rows provides correct information about oxidative phosphorylation?

  Location ATP generated Final electron acceptor
A Cristae 4 Oxygen
B Inner mitochondrial membrane 36 Oxygen
C Matrix 36 Carbon dioxide
D Outer membrane 12 Water

  •  Row A

  • Row B

  • Row C

  • Row D

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5
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Which of the following statements relating to anaerobic respiration is correct?

1 Anaerobic respiration yields lactic acid and 2 ATP molecules
2 The yield of ATP is lower than in aerobic respiration
3 Anaerobic respiration yields lactic acid and 36 ATP molecules

  • 1, 2 and 3

  • Only 1 and 2

  • Only 2 and 3

  • Only 1

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1
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Oligomycin is an inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP synthase. 

Which stage of respiration would be affected by this inhibitor?

  • Glycolysis

  • Krebs cycle

  • Link reaction

  • Oxidative phosphorylation

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2
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Glucose is the main respiratory substrate for aerobic respiration in most cells however when the supply is low an alternative respiratory substrate may be used.

Below is a table showing the respiratory substrates that can release energy. Which line of the table below shows the substrate that releases the most energy?

  Highest energy value/KJ g-1 Second highest energy value/KJ g-1 Third highest energy value/KJ g-1
A Carbohydrate Protein Lipid
B Lipid Protein Carbohydrate
C Carbohydrate Lipid Protein
D Protein Carbohydrate Lipid

  • Row A

  • Row B

  • Row C

  • Row D

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3
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The respiratory quotient, RQ, was calculated at intervals for a flask of germinating seeds. The RQ decreased over time from 1.0 to 0.85. 

What caused the decrease in RQ?

  • Aerobic respiration was replaced by anaerobic respiration

  • Anaerobic respiration was replaced by aerobic respiration

  • The respiratory substrate changed to both carbohydrate and lipid

  • The respiratory substrate changed from lipid to carbohydrate

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4
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A student calculated the volume of oxygen used by a locust as 1.9 cm3 in 1 hour. The same locust produced 1.2 cm3 of carbon dioxide in the same time period. What is the RQ of this locust?

  •  0.6

  • 0.7

  • 1.6

  • 2.3

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5
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Which of the following statements about coenzymes in respiration is correct?

1 NAD and FAD are reduced during oxidative phosphorylation
2 Reduced NAD is produced in glycolysis, the link reaction, and Krebs cycle
3 Coenzyme A supplies an acetyl group to the link reaction

  • Only 1

  • Only 1 and 2

  • Only 2

  • 2 and 3

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1
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The diagram shows a respirometer used to compare respiration in two types of germinating seeds.

q11-paper-1-nov-2020-ocr-a-level-biology

A student set up the respirometer to measure oxygen consumption.

  • The narrow tube contained coloured water
  • The position of the meniscus was noted at the beginning of the experiment
  • The tube was left for 20 minutes
  • The new position of the meniscus was noted
  • The experiment was repeated with the other type of seed

Which of the following would be necessary to ensure valid results?

  1. Keeping the respirometer in the dark during the experiment.
  2. Keeping the respirometer at the same temperature during the experiment.
  3. Using the same dry mass of seeds each time.

  • 1, 2 and 3

  • Only 1 and 2

  • Only 2 and 3

  • Only 1

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2
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The diagram shows a respirometer used to compare respiration in two types of germinating seeds.

q11-paper-1-nov-2020-ocr-a-level-biology

A student set up the respirometer to measure oxygen consumption.

  • The narrow tube contained coloured water.
  • The position of the meniscus was noted at the beginning of the experiment.
  • The tube was left for 20 minutes.
  • The new position of the meniscus was noted.
  • The experiment was repeated with the other type of seed.

The student investigated two types of seed, pea and sunflower:

  • Pea seeds store mainly starch
  • Sunflower seeds store mainly lipid

Which of the following, A to D, describes the results you would expect with each type of seed?

  • The meniscus would move to the left with pea seeds and further to the left with sunflower seeds.

  • The meniscus would move to the left with sunflower seeds and to the right with pea seeds.

  • The meniscus would move to the right with pea seeds and further to the right with sunflower seeds.

  • The meniscus would not move.

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3
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Which of the following statements, A to D, describes and explains the relative yield of ATP in anaerobic and aerobic respiration?

  • Anaerobic respiration produces less ATP per molecule of glucose because lactate is converted to pyruvate.

  • Anaerobic respiration produces less ATP per molecule of glucose because NAD is not regenerated in oxidative phosphorylation.

  • Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP per molecule of glucose because NAD is regenerated in oxidative phosphorylation.

  • Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP per molecule of glucose because pyruvate is converted to lactate.

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4
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Citrate synthase catalyses the conversion of oxaloacetate into citric acid in the Krebs cycle. It exhibits product inhibition.

Which of the following is the correct description of citrate synthase?

  Type of respiration involved in Location of enzyme Inhibitor
A. anaerobic cytoplasm citric acid
B. aerobic mitochondria citric acid
C. aerobic mitochondria oxaloacetate
D. anaerobic cytoplasm oxaloacetate

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5
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Which of the following processes does not require ATP from respiration?

  • Glycolysis.

  • Mitosis.

  • The movement of sodium ions into an axon during an action potential.

  • The return of a myosin head to its original shape after a 'power stroke'.

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6
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The diagram below shows a mitochondrion. 

cell_respiration_ib_biology_hl_mcq

Where in this organelle is ATP synthase found?

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7
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The diagram below represents a simplified version of the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.

Electron transport chain oxidative phosphorylation MCQ

Which row correctly describes the events labelled 1-4 above?

  1 2 3 4
A Protons move across the cristae into the intermembrane space Protons move across the cristae into the intermembrane space Protons are pumped through ATP synthase ADP is phosphorylated
B Protons move across the cristae into the matrix Protons move across the cristae into the matrix Protons are pumped through ATP synthase ATP is phosphorylated
C Protons move across the cristae into the intermembrane space Protons move across the cristae into the intermembrane space Protons diffuse through ATP synthase ADP is phosphorylated
D Electrons move across the cristae into the intermembrane space Protons move across the cristae into the intermembrane space Protons diffuse through ATP synthase ATP is synthesized

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8
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Which of the following statements relating to anaerobic respiration are correct?

  1. Animal and yeast cells use lactate fermentation.
  2. Alcoholic fermentation involves the dehydrogenation of pyruvate to ethanal.
  3. The purpose of anaerobic pathways is to oxidise NADH.
  4. In lactate fermentation pyruvate acts as a hydrogen acceptor.

  • 1, 2, 3 and 4

  • Only 1, 3 and 4

  • Only 3 and 4

  • Only 2 and 3

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9
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The equation below summarises the respiration of a fatty acid called palmitic acid.

C16H32O2 + 23O2 →16CO2 + 16H2O

Which of the following statements relating to the respiration of palmitic acid is not correct?

  • The respiratory quotient of palmitic acid is 1.4.

  • Palmitic acid has a higher ATP yield than fructose per gram.

  • Palmitic acid is more highly reduced than glucose.

  • The respiration of palmitic acid leads to production of acetyl CoA which can feed acetyl groups into the Krebs cycle.

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10
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Which of the following statements about coenzymes in respiration is correct?

  • NAD and FAD are reduced during oxidative phosphorylation.

  • Coenzymes are a type of enzyme.

  • Coenzyme A supplies an acetyl group to the link reaction.

  • Reduced NAD is produced in glycolysis, the link reaction, and the Krebs cycle.

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