OCR A Level Biology

Topic Questions

A LevelBiologyOCRTopic Questions2. Foundations in Biology2.1 Cell Structure

2.1 Cell Structure

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1
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Which of the following organelles is involved in the modification and packaging of lipids and proteins?

  • Lysosomes

  • Golgi apparatus

  • Ribosomes

  • Mitochondria

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2
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Which of the following is not a function of the cytoskeleton?

  • Cellular movement

  • Strengthening and support

  • Intracellular movement

  • Transport of substances in and out of the cell.

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3
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Which of the following is not a feature of prokaryotic cells?

  • DNA associated with histones, formed into chromosomes.

  • Cell wall made of peptidoglycan and murein.

  • No membrane-bound organelles.

  • Cell division occurs by binary fission.

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4
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Which of the following is a structure that is only found in animal cells?

  • Cellulose cell wall

  • Centriole

  • Endoplasmic reticulum

  • Large permanent vacuole

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5
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The following are steps in a method of preparing a microscope slide using a solid specimen. Which of the following shows the correct order in which to carry out the steps?

1 Peel away a very thin layer of cells from the tissue sample and place onto a slide.
2 Gently place a coverslip on top and press down to remove any air bubbles.
3 Apply a stain.
4 Use scissors to cut a small sample of the tissue.

  • 4, 1, 2, 3

  • 4, 3, 1, 2

  • 4, 1, 3, 2

  • 3, 4, 1, 2

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1
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The TEM micrograph below shows the mitochondria from an animal cell at a magnification of x 40 000. The image size of the mitochondria is 72 mm.ocra-2-1h-mcq-mitochondria

The cell that holds this mitochondria has an actual size of 14 μm, how much larger is the cell than the mitochondria?

  • 77.8 x larger

  • 19.4 x larger

  • 2.5 x larger

  • 7.8 x larger

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2
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The theory of endosymbiosis states that eukaryotic cells evolved from cells that engulfed organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, which were once free-living prokaryotes, as endosymbionts within host cells. 

Which of the following statements provide evidence that support the endosymbiotic theory?

1 Mitochondria and chloroplasts are approximately the same size as bacteria.
2 Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA.
3 Mitochondria and chloroplasts have multiple membranes.
4 Mitochondria and chloroplasts both contain a fluid interior.

  • All 4 statements.

  • 1, 2 and 3

  • 1, 3 and 4

  • 2 and 3 only.

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3
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Which of the following words fill the gaps in the statement below to describe the structure of the cytoskeleton?

The cytoskeleton has three components: Microfilaments are solid strands made of _______ that bring about cell movement, microtubules are formed from the ________ protein tubulin and form structures used both in the movement of _________ and vesicles and as spindle fibres in cell division, and __________ fibres give mechanical strength to cells.

  • Actin, fibrous, cells, intermediate

  • Actin, globular, organelles, intermediate

  • Myosin, fibrous, organelles, cellulose

  • Myosin, globular, cells, cellulose

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4
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Which of the following does not describe the function of a membrane in or surrounding an organelle in a eukaryotic cell?

  • The site of the electron transport chain in respiration.

  • Preventing digestive enzymes from damaging the cell.

  • The site of the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis.

  • The site of protein synthesis in the cell.

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5
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The images below show cells with cilia and flagella, organelles sometimes found on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.ocra-2-1h-mcq-cell-diagrams

Which of the statements below show a correct comparison between flagella and cilia in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

1 Cilia are not present in prokaryotes but flagella can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
2 Cilia and flagella in eukaryotic cells are both made from microtubules.
3 Cilia allow for the movement of substances over the cell surface.
4 Flagella are used primarily for cell motility in prokaryotes whilst being used as a sensory organelle in eukaryotes.

  • 1 and 2 only.

  • 1, 3 and 4.

  • 1, 2 and 3.

  • All 4 statements.

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1
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Which of the following statements, A to D, about differential staining is not true?

  • Differential staining can distinguish between different organelles.

  • Differential staining can distinguish between types of cell.

  • Differential staining can distinguish between types of organism.

  • Differential staining is a common feature of electron microscopy.

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2
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Which of the following statements, A to D, about microscopes is correct?

  • A light microscope with an eyepiece lens magnification of ×10 and an objective lens magnification of ×50 will have an overall magnification of ×60.

  • Scanning electron microscopes and laser scanning confocal microscopes can both produce three dimensional images.

  • The maximum resolution of a scanning electron microscope is lower than that of a light microscope.

  • Transmission electron microscopes and laser scanning confocal microscopes can both produce three dimensional images.

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3
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Refer to the following image of a human blood smear.

q4-paper-2-nov-2020-ocr-a-level-biology
The cell labelled E shows a parasite called Trypanosoma.

Which of the following statements is/are evidence that Trypanosoma is a eukaryote?

1    a nucleus is present
2    it is a similar size to blood cells
3    the presence of flagella

  • 1, 2 and 3

  • only 1 and 2

  • only 2 and 3

  • only 1

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4
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Which of the following best describes a microscope with high resolution?

  • The microscope can distinguish structures that are very close together.

  • The microscope can view structures that are very small.

  • The microscope is capable of high magnification.

  • The microscope has an in-built eyepiece graticule.

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5
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The image below shows a tardigrade, Echiniscus granulatus, viewed from the underneath. The magnification is × 110.

q2-paper-2-june-2018-ocr-a-level-biology

(For users viewing this question on-screen, the printed image of the tardigrade measures 95mm in length).

How long is the tardigrade in real life?

  • 115μm

  • 1.14 × 10-5 m

  • 8.64 × 10 -4m

  • 0.116mm

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6
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A student counted stomata on a leaf using a light microscope. The image below, measuring 106 mm by 77 mm, shows the stomata that were visible.

The image magnification is ×60.

q3-paper-1-june-2017-ocr-a-level-biology

Which of the options, A to D, is the correct stomatal density of this leaf?

  • 7.50 stomata mm-2

  • 0.13 stomata mm-2

  • 2428 stomata mm-2

  • 0.21 stomata mm-2

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7
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Which of the options, A to D, occurs in the nucleus of a cell?

  • synthesis of enzymes

  • synthesis of RNA

  • modification of polypeptides

  • synthesis of carbohydrates

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8
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A range of microscopes are available for scientific research. Each type of microscope has a different use.

Select the row that shows the correct uses for all the types of microscope.

  Type of microscope and what it is used to observe
Light microscope Transmission
electron
microscope		 Scanning
electron
microscope		 Laser scanning
confocal
microscope
A an object at a certain depth within a cell organelles cell surfaces whole cells and tissues
B cell surfaces an object at a certain depth within a cell whole cells and tissues organelles
C whole cells and tissues organelles cell surfaces an object at a certain depth within a cell
D organelles an object at a certain depth within cell whole cells and tissues cell surfaces

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9
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Which of the following statements describes an organelle which is not membrane bound?

  • contains cristae

  • modifies and packages proteins

  • contains digestive enzymes

  • is made of rRNA and protein

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10
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Which of the following statements is/are true?

Statement 1: Microtubules are part of the ‘9 + 2’ formation in bacterial flagella.
Statement 2: Microtubules can be prevented from functioning by a respiratory inhibitor.
Statement 3: Microtubules are involved in moving chromosomes from the equator to the poles of the cell during mitosis.

  • 1, 2 and 3

  • Only 1 and 2

  • Only 2 and 3

  • Only 1

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