GCSEPhysics: Combined ScienceOCR GatewayTopic Questions8. Global Challenges8.1 Physics on the Move

Physics on the Move (OCR Gateway GCSE Physics: Combined Science)

Topic Questions

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1a4 marks
a)
The diagram shows a ruler being used to estimate a student’s reaction time.

q19a-paper2-oct-nov2020-ocr-gcse-physics

i)
Describe how the ruler can be used to estimate student B’s reaction time.


[2]

ii)
Why do the students repeat the experiment several times?

 [1]

iii)
Student B is very tired when they try this experiment.

Suggest how this might affect student B’s reaction time.

 [1]

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1b6 marks
b)
The driver of a car makes an emergency stop.

The thinking distance is 9 m. The braking distance is 14 m.

i)
Calculate the total stopping distance of the car.

Stopping distance = ...................................................... m [1]

ii)
This graph shows how this driver’s stopping distance changes with speed.
q19bii-paper2-oct-nov2020-ocr-gcse-physics

• A car is travelling at 50 mph.
• There is a barrier in the road 40 m in front of the car.
• The driver makes an emergency stop.

Use the graph to work out if the car hits the barrier.

Explain how you obtained your answer.

 [2]

iii)
State one factor, other than speed, that affects braking distance.
Explain how this factor changes braking distance.

Factor .............................................................................................................

Explanation ..................................................................................................



[3]

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1c5 marks
c)
i)
A car travels at a speed of 13 m/s. The car takes 4 s to stop after the brakes are applied.

Calculate the deceleration of the car.

Use the equation: acceleration = change in velocity ÷ time

Deceleration = ................................................. m/ s2 [2]

ii)
The braking system of the car in (c)(i) is changed. The same car travelling at 13 m/s now takes 0.4 s to stop after the brakes are applied.

The driver says, ‘The new braking system is ten times safer.’

Do you agree with the driver? Explain your answer.

Yes square
No square


[2]

iii)
Suggest one safety feature in a car that can reduce injury in a crash.

[1]

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2a1 mark

Fig. 20.1 shows thinking, braking and stopping distances for the same car travelling at different speeds.

Speed
(m/s)		 Thinking distance
(m)		 Braking distance
(m)		 Stopping distance
(m)
8 6 6 12
16 12 24 36
32 24 96 120

               

Fig. 20.1

a)
Describe how the thinking distance changes when the speed doubles.

Use data from the table in your answer.
[1]

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2b3 marks
b)
Calculate the reaction time of the person driving the car.

Answer = ......................... s [3]

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2c6 marks
c)
Explain why the stopping distances are different for each speed in Fig. 20.1.
[6]

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3a6 marks

The table below shows the stopping distances for a car.

Speed of car
(m/s)		 Thinking
distance (m)		 Braking distance
(m)		 Total stopping
distance (m)
8 6 6 12
16 12 24  
32   96 120

a)
Analyse the data in the table and use it to describe the trends shown.

Suggest reasons for the differences in the patterns in the data.
[6]

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3b6 marks
b)
The car takes 6 m to brake when moving at 8 m/s.

Look at the graph of a car travelling at 8 m/s, starting to brake and then stopping.

q21b-paper2-specimen-ocr-gcse-physics
i)
Calculate the acceleration of the car during braking.
Show your working and state the units.

Answer = ......................... Unit = .......... [4]

ii)
The car has a braking force of 5000 N.

Calculate the work done by the brakes on the car.

Answer = ......................... J [2]

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3c2 marks
c)
How is the braking distance affected if a driver is tired?

Explain your answer.

[2]

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4a1 mark

A scientist uses different drivers to test the stopping distances of the same car.

Look at the results.

Driver Speed
(m/s)		 Thinking distance
(m)		 Braking distance
(m)
A 8 6 6
B 16 13 24
C 32 24 96
D 16 12 24
E 8 5 6
F 32 30 120

a)
Most of the drivers tested the car on a dry day, on a level road.

Which driver tested the car on an icy road?

Driver ........................ tested the car on an icy road.

[1]

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4b3 marks
b)
Which driver has the quickest reaction time?

Driver ........................ has the quickest reaction time.

Calculate their reaction time.

Answer = ......................... s [3]

How did you do?

4c2 marks
c)
Give two drivers that have the same reaction time.

Drivers .......................... have the same reaction time.

Explain your answer.
[2]

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4d7 marks
d)
Driver C travels at 32m/s on the road and then stops. The car has a mass of 1200kg.

i)
Show that the kinetic energy stored by the car at 32m/s is 614000J.

[2]

ii)
Describe what happens to the kinetic energy of the car as it brakes and stops.

[2]

iii)
The braking distance of the car is 96m.

Calculate the braking force on the car.

Give your answer to 4 significant figures.

Answer = ......................... N [3]

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4e2 marks
e)
Driver B travels at 16m/s on the road. The thinking distance is 13m and the braking distance is 24m.

Driver B now drives the car uphill at the same speed on the same road.

How will driving the car uphill affect thinking, braking and stopping distances?

The reaction time will stay the same.

Complete the sentences.

The thinking distance will ..................................................................................................... .

The braking distance will ...................................................................................................... .

The stopping distance will .................................................................................................... .
[2]

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