A student investigates if lamps are brighter in a series circuit or a parallel circuit. He sets up two different circuits, A and B.
State which circuit will have the brightest lamps and explain why.
In your answer, include the variables that the student will need to control in this experiment.
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A student builds two electrical circuits. Each circuit uses identical cells and identical fixed resistors.
Explain why circuit A has a lower total resistance than circuit B.
Another student investigates the resistance of a filament lamp.
Use the circuit symbols below. Each symbol can be used once, more than once, or not at all.
[2]
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A student takes voltage and current measurements for four resistors (A, B, C and D).
The table shows the results from this experiment.
| Resistor | Voltage (V) | Current (A) | Resistance (Ω) |
| A | 12.0 | 2.0 | |
| B | 6.0 | 1.5 | |
| C | 7.5 | 1.5 | |
| D | 8.0 | 2.0 |
Which two resistors have the same resistance value?
Use the results to show this.
Calculate the maximum resistance that can be made using all four resistors.
[4]
State how this graph can be used to calculate resistance at any specific value of current.
[2]
A voltmeter is used to measure the output voltages produced from the circuit.
The voltmeter is not connected to a circuit and not recording a voltage.
Name the type of error on the voltmeter and suggest how it should be dealt with.
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