OCR Gateway GCSE Chemistry

Topic Questions

6.3 Interpreting & Interacting with Earth Systems

1a1 mark

This question is about the Earth’s atmosphere.

The Earth’s early atmosphere contained mostly carbon dioxide gas.

The Earth’s atmosphere today contains about 0.04% carbon dioxide.

Explain why the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere today has decreased from the early atmosphere.

1b1 mark

The graph shows the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere from 1970 to 2010.

q21b-paper-2-nov-2020-ocr-gcse-chem

Describe the trend in the amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere from 1970 to 2010.

1c2 marks

Many scientists believe that increasing amounts of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere are causing global warming.

i)
Write down one way that carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere.

 [1]

ii)
Write down one way to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide that is released into the atmosphere.

 [1]

1d2 marks

Sulfur dioxide is a pollutant found in many large cities.

Sulfur dioxide is an acidic gas.

i)
Suggest a value for the pH of sulfur dioxide.
[1]
ii)
Describe one problem caused by sulfur dioxide.

[1]

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1a2 marks

Scientists are worried about the greenhouse effect.

Complete the following paragraph about the greenhouse effect.

Use words from the list.


CFCs             cool           Earth’s
hydrogen                          infrared                  methane
microwave                    Sun’s                      ultraviolet                             warm

Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and ............................. absorb ............................. radiation radiated by the ............................. surface, then emit it in all directions. This greenhouse effect keeps the Earth and its atmosphere ............................. enough for living things to exist.

1b2 marks

Write about two possible ways that greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced.

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2a
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2 marks

Carbon dioxide is one of several greenhouse gases.

It is made by the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil.

The table shows the amount of carbon dioxide produced in a large city between the years 2010 and 2016.

Source of carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide produced (tonnes) Percentage increase (%)
in 2010 in 2016  
Homes 500000 600000 20
Factories and industry 500000 750000 50
Transport 1 000 000 1 000 000 0
Electricity generation 750000 900000  .........................

Look at the row for electricity generation.

Calculate the percentage increase of carbon dioxide produced.

Answer = ………………………………… %

2b2 marks

Analyse the data in the table.

What is the ratio of carbon dioxide produced from Homes to Electricity generation for 2016?


Answer = ……………… : ………………

2c2 marks

The population of the city increased between 2010 and 2016.

The carbon dioxide produced from transport has not changed between 2010 and 2016.

Suggest why the carbon dioxide production from transport has not changed.

Give two conclusions.

2d2 marks

Some scientists think there is a link between the amount of fossil fuels burnt and climate change.

The data in the table does not support this view.

Suggest reasons why

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3a3 marks

Some scientists believe that the increased burning of fossil fuels has contributed to global warming.

The scientists say that global warming is causing ice to melt, which results in sea levels rising.

Other scientists believe that rises in global temperatures are just natural variations.

The graph shows the carbon dioxide, CO2, emissions by fossil fuels in the UK and the changes in global sea levels between 1993 and 2013.

q23-paper-2-june-2019-ocr-gcse-chem

Evaluate the information shown in the graph.

To what extent does the graph support a link between human activity and global warming?

3b2 marks

There are problems with using information about CO2 emissions by fossil fuels to draw conclusions about the effect of carbon dioxide emissions on global sea levels.

Suggest what these problems are.

3c2 marks
i)
Describe one effect on the Earth’s climate of increased carbon dioxide levels, other than rising sea levels.
[1]
ii)
Suggest how we can lower carbon dioxide levels.
[1]

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4a2 marks

This question is about the Earth’s atmosphere.

The graph shows how carbon dioxide concentration and air temperature have changed between 1955 and 2015.

q23-paper-4-nov-2020-ocr-gcse-chem

Evaluate the information shown in the graph.

To what extent does the graph support a link between carbon dioxide levels and global warming?

4b3 marks

Describe and explain what is meant by the greenhouse effect.

4c3 marks

Many scientists believe an enhanced greenhouse effect is caused by human activities.

i)
State a human activity that can cause an enhanced greenhouse effect.

[1]

ii)
State two environmental effects of an enhanced greenhouse effect.

[2]

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