1.2 The Periodic Table

Figure 1 shows properties of the elements found in Group 1 of the Periodic Table.

Figure 1

Use data from Figure 1 to explain why the elements in the table all float on water.

When the elements in Figure 1 are cut, a shiny surface is exposed which turns dull over time. Predict how the time taken for this to happen changes as you go down the group.

Give a reason for your answer.

Rubidium is found below potassium in Group 1 of the Periodic Table.

Suggest what you would observe when rubidium is added to water.

Give a reason for your answer.

Give the formula of the compound formed when:

[1]

[1]

Figure 1 shows the electronic configuration (E.C.) of the elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table.

Figure 1

[1]

[2]

Figure 2 shows a trend in a property of the elements as you go across Period 3.

Figure 2

The label for the x-axis is missing. State what it should be.

Describe how electrical conductivity changes across Period 3

You should refer to Figure 2.

Explain this trend in electrical conductivity across Period 3

Figure 1 shows Mendeleev’s Periodic Table from 1869.

The modern Periodic Table is based on Mendeleev’s ideas.

Figure 1

Mendeleev placed six elements in group VIII.

State what evidence Mendeleev used to put the six elements into the same group.

Name the group that these elements are found in the modern Periodic Table.

Group VIII in the modern Periodic Table contains the noble gases.

Explain why the noble gases are unreactive.

Suggest why Mendeleev did not include the noble gases in his table.

Figure 1 shows the boiling points of the halogens.

Figure 1

The halogens are all placed in Group 7 of the Periodic Table.

Explain why, in terms of their electronic configuration.

Determine the state of chlorine and bromine at room temperature (20°C).

Give a reason for your answer.

Describe the trend in boiling point as you go down Group 7.

Explain the trend in boiling point down Group 7.

The positions of four elements are shown on the Periodic Table. 

The letters are not the atomic symbols of these elements. 

Which element will react with oxygen to form an acidic oxide? 

Figure 1 shows part of the Periodic Table, with elements represented by the letters L, M, Q, R and T.

The letters in the diagram represent elements but are not their chemical symbols.

Figure 1

Give the letter from the diagram that represents a noble gas.

Elements L and M are in the same group.

State why they have similar chemical reactions.

An atom of element Q has 31 protons.

Use this information to explain how you can determine the number of protons in an atom of element R.

Compare the electronic structures of atoms M and R. 

This question is about the Periodic Table. 

What did Mendeleev arrange his elements in order of?

Once Mendeleev had arranged his Periodic Table, he swapped the positions of some elements around. 

Explain why he did this. 

The elements in Mendeleev's Periodic Table didn't always end up in order of increasing relative atomic mass because the existence of isotopes was unknown.

Explain, in terms of subatomic particles, what is meant by an isotope. 

Higher Only 

Some information about the mass number and percentage abundance for the isotopes of gallium is shown in Figure 1. 

Calculate the relative atomic mass of gallium. 

The electronic structures of atoms from three different elements are shown.

    2.8.1                         2.8.8                        2.8.8.1
element W               element Y                  element Z

Name the elements W, Y and Z.

Explain why element Z is more reactive than element W.

Explain why element Y is unreactive.

Give the formula of the ion formed by element W.