Edexcel GCSE Chemistry

Topic Questions

GCSEChemistryEdexcelTopic Questions6. Groups in the periodic table6.3 Group 0

6.3 Group 0

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1a1 mark

This question is about elements in Group 0 of the Periodic Table.

What is the name given to elements in Group 0?

 
  ☐ A halogens
  ☐ B noble gases
  ☐ C alkali metals
  ☐ D transition metals

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1b
Sme Calculator4 marks
Argon appears in the Periodic Table as shown in Figure 1.

40
Ar
argon
18


Figure 1

i)
Which number is the atomic number?

(1)

atomic number .................................

ii)
How many protons, electrons and neutrons does an atom of argon have?

(3)

protons .................................

electrons .................................

neutrons .................................

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1c3 marks
Figure 2 shows three statements about Group 0 elements.

Put ticks (✔) in the boxes in Figure 2 to show which statements are true and which statements are false.

  True False
 Group 0 elements all have the same number of electrons in their outer shell    
 Krypton is a Group 0 gas    
 All Group 0 gases are unreactive    

Figure 2

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1d1 mark

Neon is another Group 0 element. 

What is its formula and its state at room temperature?

 
      formula state at room temperature
  ☐ A Ne gas
  ☐ B Ne liquid
  ☐ C Ne2 gas
  ☐ D Ne2 solid

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2a1 mark

The noble gases have many different applications. 

Helium and neon are less dense than air, argon is more dense than air.

Tick one box (✔) to show which noble gas(es) would be most suitable to be used in air-ships.

 helium  
 neon  
 argon  
 helium or argon  
 helium or neon  

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2b2 marks

Use the words from the box below to complete the sentences about the noble gases.

argon more xenon less radon

Going down the group, the noble gases become ..................... dense.

Krypton is more dense than ............................ .

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2c1 mark

Air-ships used to be filled with hydrogen gas but its use has been replaced by the use of a noble gas.

Which of the following is the most likely reason why?

 
  ☐ A noble gases are monatomic gases
  ☐ B hydrogen gas is flammable but noble gases are non-flammable
  ☐ C hydrogen is more abundant than the noble gases
  ☐ D noble gases have a full outer shell of electrons

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2d2 marks

Neon is used in advetising and lighting signs as it produces a red glow in low pressure tubes when a voltage is applied.

Complete the diagram in Figure 1 to show the arrangement of electrons in an atom of neon.

6-3-2d-e-ne-electon-configuration

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3a1 mark

Group 0 of the Periodic Table are known as noble gases. 

Give the name of the noble gas that has an atomic number of 10.

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3b1 mark

Which statement about noble gases is true?

  ☐ A they have low melting points
  ☐ B they all have 8 electrons in their outer shell 
  ☐ C they get less dense going down the group  
  ☐ D they are diatomic 

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3c1 mark

Which of the following lists four noble gases in order of increasing boiling point?

 
  ☐ A xenon, krypton, argon, neon
  ☐ B helium, neon, argon, krypton
  ☐ C helium, neon, krypton, argon
  ☐ D xenon, argon, neon, helium

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3d1 mark

Explain why noble gases are chemically inert.

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1a3 marks

This question is about the noble gases.

Give three characteristic properties of the noble gases.

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1b4 marks
i)
State the trend in the boiling point of the noble gases going down the group.

(1)

ii)
Explain the reason for this trend.

(3)

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1c1 mark
Figure 1 shows the density of the noble gases at 0 °C and 1 atm.



Noble gas Density g / dm3
Argon 1.78
Helium 0.18
Krypton  
Neon 0.90
Radon 9.97
Xenon 5.85

Figure 1

Use the data in Figure 1 to predict the density of krypton.

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1d
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Higher only

Helium most commonly exists as 2 isotopes, 3He and 4He.
The ratio of 4He to 3He atoms is 7 000 000 : 1

Explain why the relative atomic mass of helium is 4.00, to 2 decimal places, despite a lighter isotope existing.

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2a2 marks

The noble gases are inert gases.

Explain why these elements are unreactive.

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2b2 marks

Inert is used to describe a substance that does not chemically react under given conditions.

Whilst the noble gases are very unreactive, under certain conditions, some noble gases can react to form compounds. For example, krypton can form a solid with fluorine and xenon can form compounds with oxygen and fluorine.

Suggest why helium and neon cannot undergo such reactions.

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2c1 mark

Suggest why fluorine is able to form compounds with xenon and krypton but bromine is not.

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2d2 marks

Predict what type of bonding would exist in xenon difluoride, XeF2. Explain your answer.

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3a1 mark

The positions of five elements, A, B, C, D and E are shown in the Periodic Table. 

These letters are not the atomic symbols of the elements. 

periodic-table

Suggest one use of E. 

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3b3 marks

The element below E in the Periodic Table is used to fill electric light bulbs. 

State why this element is used in the light bulb. 

Explain your answer in terms of the electronic structure of the atom. 

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3c4 marks

Explain the trend in melting point going down Group 0. 

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3d3 marks

Compare the electronic structure of elements D and E. 

Use the positions of the elements to deduce their electronic configurations and include these in your answer. 

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4a2 marks

Table 1 shows the electronic structures of five elements.

The letters are not the chemical symbols of the element.

Table 1

Element Electronic structure
J 2,8,8
K 2,8,1
L 2,8,8,1
M 2,7
N 2,8,4

Give the letters of two elements that belong to the same group in the periodic table.

State the group that they belong to.

Use Table 1 and the periodic table.

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4b3 marks

Give the letter of the element that is monatomic.

Explain your answer.

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4c1 mark

Give the letters of two elements that are gases at room temperature.

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4d3 marks

Higher Only

A sample of neon contains:

  • 90.48 % of neon-20 atoms
  • 0.27% of neon-21 atoms
  • 9.25 % of neon-22 atoms 

Use this information to calculate the relative atomic mass of neon in this sample. 

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11 mark

Which statement about noble gases is not correct?

 
  ☐ A They are diatomic
  ☐ B They have low densities 
  ☐ C Their boiling points increase going down the group 
  ☐ D They are unreactive

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21 mark

Which of the following statements is not a correct statement about helium?

 
  ☐ A It is chemically inert as it has a full outer shell of electrons
  ☐ B It is used in weather balloons as its density is lower than air
  ☐ C Its nucleus contains 2 protons and 4 neutrons
  ☐ D It is the lightest noble gas

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31 mark

Argon has an atomic number of 18.

What is the electronic configuration for this atom?

 
  ☐ A 10.8
  ☐ B 18
  ☐ C 8.2.8
  ☐ D 2.8.8

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4a4 marks
This question is about the noble gases.



i)
State, in terms of outer shell electrons, why the noble gases are unreactive.



(1)

                                                                                                            
 
ii)     Figure 4 shows an airship, filled with helium, floating above the ground.

fig-4-q3aii-1cho-2f-paper-1-nov-2021

Figure 4

Helium, hydrogen and krypton are gases.
Figure 5 shows the reactivity and density, at room temperature and pressure, of helium, hydrogen and krypton.

gas reactivity density in g cm–3
helium unreactive 0.00018
hydrogen very reactive 0.00009
krypton unreactive 0.00380

Figure 5

The density of air is 0.001225 g cm–3.

Helium is used in airships.

Explain why hydrogen and why krypton are not used in airships.
(3)

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4b1 mark

Mendeleev produced one of the earliest periodic tables.

State why he could not include any of the noble gases in his periodic table.

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4c3 marks
Figure 6 shows the boiling points of some of the noble gases.

noble gas boiling point in °C
helium –269
neon –246
argon –186
krypton –153
xenon  

Figure 6

i)
Complete the bar chart to show the boiling points of neon and argon.

(2)

fig-q3ci-1cho-2f-paper-1-nov-2021

ii)
Predict the boiling point of xenon.

(1)

boiling point of xenon = ............................ °C

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51 mark

Argon has a boiling point of -186oC. 

Which would be the best prediction of the boiling point of xenon?

 
  ☐ A -269 oC
  ☐ B -108 oC
  ☐ C 98 oC
  ☐ D It is not possible to make a prediction

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61 mark

Which of the following lists four noble gases in order of increasing density?

 
  ☐ A xenon, krypton, argon, neon
  ☐ B hydrogen, helium, neon, argon
  ☐ C helium, neon, krypton, argon
  ☐ D helium, argon, xenon, radon

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