Syllabus Edition

First teaching 2023

First exams 2025

Forces & Momentum (HL IB Physics)

Topic Questions

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Easy
Medium
Hard

Easy

Medium

Hard

1 mark

A ladder rests on a rough wall and rough horizontal ground. Which diagram correctly labels all forces acting on the ladder?

2-2-q1-sl-easy-mcq-phy

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1 mark

A parachutist of mass 75 kg is falling vertically through the air at a constant speed of 0.6 m s^–1.

What is the resultant force on the parachutist?

0 N
75 N
750 N
1000 N

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1 mark

Which statement best summarises Newton's Third Law of Motion?

If object X exerts a force on object Y, then object Y exerts a greater and opposite force on object X
If object X exerts a force on object Y, then object Y exerts a lesser and opposite force on object X
If object X exerts a force on object Y, then object Y exerts an equal and opposite force on object X
If object X exerts a force on object Y, then object Y exerts no force on object X

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1 mark

The image shows a block resting on an inclined plane.

2-2-q4-sl-easy-mcq-phy

Which row in the table gives the correct interpretation of the forces acting on the block, R, F and W?

	R	F	W
A.	weight	reaction	static friction
B.	dynamic friction	weight	reaction
C.	reaction	dynamic friction	weight
D.	reaction	static friction	weight

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1 mark

Which statement about Newton's Second Law of Motion is true?

For bodies of constant mass, the resultant force acting on it is inversely proportional to its acceleration
For bodies of a non-constant mass, the resultant force acting on it is proportional to its acceleration
For bodies of constant mass, the resultant force acting on it is proportional to its acceleration
For bodies of a non-constant mass, the resultant force acting on it is inversely proportional to its acceleration

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1 mark

Which of the following statements about friction is not true?

Friction always acts in the opposite direction to the direction of motion
Static friction occurs when two solid objects are in contact and no movement occurs between the two objects
For a stationary object, the force due to the coefficient of dynamic friction is at a maximum
For a stationary object, the force due to the coefficient of dynamic friction is zero

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1 mark

Which statement best summarises Newton's first law of motion?

Whenever two objects interact the forces they exert on each other are opposite.
A resultant force on an object is equal to the rate of change in momentum.
A body will remain at rest or move with constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force
A body will move in a constant velocity only if there is a resultant force acting upon it

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1 mark

Which statement about drawing free body diagrams is not correct?

Arrows must be drawn to scale and represent the size of the force involved
All force arrows must touch the object applying the force
Force arrows must be drawn as straight lines with a ruler
Force arrows don't have to be labelled

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1 mark

Which of the following equations for static friction is correct?

F = ma
F_f ≤ μ_sR
F_f = μ_dR
F = IΔt

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1 mark

Which statement is correct about the coefficient of friction, μ?

It is always between 0 and 1
The coefficient of friction can be different for the same material in different situations
The coefficient of dynamic and static friction between the same two surfaces will be different
The coefficient of dynamic friction is equal to the frictional force multiplied by the reaction force

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1 mark

In uniform circular motion, which of the following is incorrect?

Magnitude of the velocity is constant
The direction of the velocity is constant
The centripetal force is towards the centre of the circle
The centripetal force is at 90 ^o to the velocity

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1 mark

A child whirls a conker on a string around their head. The conker moves with uniform circular motion. The linear speed of the conker is 5 m s⁻¹ and the radius of the circle is 0.5 m.

Calculate the angular speed of the conker.

2.5 rad s⁻¹
0.5 rad s⁻¹
10 rad s⁻¹
5 rad s⁻¹

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1 mark

What is an angular displacement of $\frac{π}{6}$ rad in degrees?

180 ^o
60 ^o
45 ^o
30 ^o

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1 mark

The linear speed of a motorcycle of mass 50 kg on a circular race track is 10 m s⁻¹. The radius of the race track is 500 m.

What is the centripetal force acting on the motorcycle?

10 N
50 N
150 N
100 N

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1 mark

An athletic hammer consists of a heavy metal ball on the end of a steel wire which is rotated around an athlete's head before being released.

The angular speed obtained by a training hammer thrown in a competition is 2 rad s⁻¹. The combined length of the steel rope and the athlete's arms is 2 m.

What is the centripetal acceleration of the hammer?

2 m s⁻²
4 m s⁻²
6 m s⁻²
8 m s⁻²

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1 mark

A man is running along a circular path with an angular velocity of 0.05 rad s⁻¹. His linear velocity is 2.5 m s⁻¹.

What is the radius of the path?

20 m
30 m
40 m
50 m

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1 mark

A mass is swung on a string in a circle of radius r.

6-1-circular-motion--q7-question-sl-easy-mcq-phy

The string breaks and the mass continues to move.

Which line in the table below describes the motion of the mass in the horizontal and vertical dimensions?

	Horizontal	Vertical
A.	Continues in a circle of radius r	No vertical motion
B.	Moves in a circle of radius > r	Moves at a constant speed downwards
C.	No horizontal motion	Decelerates downwards
D.	Moves in a straight line at 90 ° to r	Accelerates downwards

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1 mark

A ball attached to a string rotates in a gravitational field with a constant time period in a vertical plane. The forces acting on the mass are tension, T and weight, W.

6-1-circular-motion-q8-question-sl-easy-mcq-phy

What is an expression for the magnitude of the tension in the string at the top of the circle?

$\frac{m v^{2}}{r} - m g$
T
mg
$\frac{m v^{2}}{r} + m g$

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1 mark

A satellite moves in a uniform circular orbit around the Earth in a clockwise direction.

Which diagram correctly shows the direction of the velocity v and acceleration a of the satellite at the position shown?

6-1-circular-motion-q9-question-sl-easy-mcq-phy

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1 mark

What is the force acting on an object rotating with constant speed v in a circle of radius r?

$\frac{m v^{2}}{r}$ towards the centre of the circle
$\frac{v^{2}}{r}$ away from the centre of the circle
$\frac{m v^{2}}{r}$ along a tangent to the circle
No force acts on the object

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1 mark

What is the equation for momentum?

$p = F s$
$p = m v$
$p = \frac{1}{2} m v^{2}$
$p = F Δ t$

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1 mark

A tennis ball is thrown at a wall and then bounces off.

2-4-q2-sl-easy-mcq-phy-png

Which row states the correct directions for the velocity, v, before and after hitting the wall?

	Before collision	After collision
A.	−	−
B.	−	+
C.	+	−
D.	+	+

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1 mark

A car drives into a wall. The change in momentum is 17 000 kg ms⁻¹and the time of impact is 0.1 seconds.

What is the force acting on the car as a result of the collision?

17 000 N
1 700 000 N
170 000 N
1700 N

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1 mark

Which of the following is the correct equation for impulse?

$I = m v - m u$
$I = F Δ p$
$I = Δ t$
$I = \frac{F}{∆ t}$

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1 mark

Which feature on a force-time graph represents the impulse?

Gradient
y-intercept
Area
x-intercept

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1 mark

Before a collision object A is stationary and object B is travelling at 1 ms⁻¹ .

What is the correct symbol and value for the initial velocity of object A?

u_B= 0
u_A= 0
v_A= 0
u_A= 1

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1 mark

What is the definition of an external force?

Forces that act on a system from outside of it
Forces exchanged by the particles in a system
Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
The rate of change of momentum on a body

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1 mark

What is the definition of an inelastic collision?

A collision where kinetic energy is conserved
A collision where the momentum is conserved
A collision where both objects are stationary after the collision
A collision where kinetic energy is not conserved

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1 mark

What is the main purpose of the crumple zone in a car?

To decrease the contact time over which a collision occurs.
To increase the contact time over which a collision occurs.
To reduce the mass of the car involved in the collision.
To reduce damage to the rest of the car in a collision.

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1 mark

What type of collision are explosions?

Elastic
Conserved
Inelastic
Impulsive

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1 mark

A frictionless spring-operated latched is fitted to a door.

2-2-sl-mcq-hard-q1_1-phy

When the latch is pushed in, the spring compresses.

When the latch is released, which of the following best represents how acceleration a of the latch varies with the distance x it moves before stopping?

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1 mark

Elaborate chandeliers can be modelled as layers of hanging bars. The diagram shows one such model with a mass m suspended from two bars of negligible mass, connected by five light strings. Each layer has N number of strings.

2-2-sl-mcq-hard-q2-phy

Which expression gives the tension in any single string?

$\frac{m g}{N}$
$\frac{m g}{N^{2}}$
$N m g$
$(N - 1) m g$

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1 mark

Two blocks, one made of wood and the other of iron, are arranged at rest on the ground.

2-2-sl-mcq-hard-q3-phy

Which of the following statements is correct?

The force exerted by the ground on the iron block in (1) is greater than the force exerted by the ground on the wooden block in (2) because the iron block, being denser than the wooden block, exerts more force on the ground.
The force exerted by the wooden block on the iron block in (1) is equal to that exerted by the iron block on the wooden block in (2) by virtue of Newton's third law.
The force exerted by the iron block on the wooden block in (1) is greater than that exerted by the wooden block on the iron block in (2).
The force exerted by the wooden block on the iron block is equal to the weight of the wooden block in (1) while the force exerted by the iron block on the wooden block is equal to the weight of the iron block in (2).

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1 mark

A child of mass m sits in a car seat which is accelerating horizontally at 0.2g, where g is the acceleration due to gravity.

What is the magnitude of the total force exerted by the car seat on the child?

$m g$
$\sqrt{m g}$
$\sqrt{0.2} m g$
$\sqrt{1.04} m g$

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1 mark

A pendulum bob hangs from the ceiling in a carriage in a train and is just above a certain mark on the floor when the train is at rest. Later, when the train is moving with a constant velocity forward, which statement best outlines the position of the bob?

The bob is behind the mark, so that the pendulum thread is along the resultant of the forces due to the motion of the train and gravity.
The bob remains over the mark because the force due to the motion of the train is balanced by the reaction of the thread on the support.
The bob oscillates about the mark because of the unbalanced force due to the motion of the train.
The bob remains over the mark because the motion of the train produces no additional force on the bob.

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1 mark

Two masses m and nm, where n > 1, are joined by a light string which passes over a frictionless pulley. The acceleration of free fall is g.

2-2-sl-mcq-hard-q7-phy

What is the acceleration of the masses a and the tension in the string T?

	a	T
A.	$\frac{n - 1}{n + 1}$	$m g (\frac{n - 1}{n + 1})$
B.	$g (n + 1)$	$m g (\frac{n - 1}{n + 1} - 1)$
C.	$\frac{g (n - 1)}{n + 1}$	$m g (\frac{n - 1}{n + 1} + 1)$
D.	$\frac{g (n + 1)}{n - 1}$	$m g (\frac{n + 1}{n - 1} + 1)$

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1 mark

Two bodies, X and Y, having masses m_X and m_Y respectively, exert forces on each other and have no external forces acting on them. The force acting on X is F, which gives X an acceleration a_X.

What is the magnitude of the force on Y and its acceleration?

	Magnitude of force on Y	Acceleration of Y
A.	$\frac{m_{Y}}{m_{X}} F$	a
B.	F	$\frac{m_{Y}}{m_{X}} a$
C.	$\frac{m_{X}}{m_{Y}} F$	a
D.	F	$\frac{m_{X}}{m_{Y}} a$

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1 mark

Two blocks with mass 5m and 3m are pushed along a smooth horizontal surface by an applied force F.

2-2-sl-mcq-hard-q9-phy

What is the magnitude of the force exerted between the blocks?

F
$\frac{2}{8} F$
$\frac{3}{8} F$
$\frac{8}{3} F$

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1 mark

Forces act in a variety of situations described below:

The centripetal force holding a satellite in orbit round the Earth and the weight of the satellite
Repulsive forces experienced by anti-parallel current-carrying conductors
Attractive forces between two gas molecules passing close to each other
Attractive forces between the nucleus and orbiting electrons in an atom

Which of the situations describe pairs of forces as required by Newton's third law?

I and II only
II and III only
I, II and IV only
II, III and IV only

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1 mark

A particle rotates clockwise in a horizontal circle of radius r with a constant angular velocity ω. The particle is at S at time zero and at P at time t. Q represents the projection of point P onto the diameter through S. Measured with respect to the centre of orbit O, the displacement, linear velocity and linear acceleration of Q along OS are x, v and a respectively.

6-1-sl-mcq-hard-q1-phy

Which of the following sets of expressions is correct?

	$x$	v	a
A.	$r \cos ω t$	$- r ω \sin ω t$	$r ω^{2} \cos ω t$
B.	$r \cos ω t$	$- r ω \sin ω t$	$- r ω^{2} \cos ω t$
C.	$r \sin ω t$	$- r ω \cos ω t$	$- r ω^{2} \sin ω t$
D.	$r \sin ω t$	$r ω \cos ω t$	$r ω^{2} \sin ω t$

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1 mark

A simple pendulum consists of a bob of mass m at the end of a light inextensible thread of length d. The bob swings through point Y with velocity v and comes to an instantaneous rest at point X, where the string is just taut.

6-1-sl-mcq-hard-q2-phy

What is the tension in the thread as the bob passes point Y?

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1 mark

A particle travels in a circular path in a magnetic field with radius x and centripetal acceleration a.

What is the time taken for 15 complete rotations?

$2 π \sqrt{\frac{x}{a}}$
$30 π \sqrt{\frac{x}{a}}$
$2 π \sqrt{\frac{a}{x}}$
$30 π \sqrt{\frac{a}{x}}$

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1 mark

A mass m₁ is attached to one end of a light extensible string of length x. When the mass rotates with a linear speed v in a horizontal plane, an extension Δx is obtained.

Which of the following shows the correct expression for another mass m₂, if it is attached to the same light extensible string and rotated with the same linear speed v but rotates at twice the radius as that produced by m₁?

$m_{2} = \frac{2 m_{1} (x + ∆ x)}{∆ x}$
$m_{2} = \frac{2 m_{1} (2 x + ∆ x)}{∆ x}$
$m_{2} = \frac{4 m_{1} (x + ∆ x)}{∆ x}$
$m_{2} = \frac{2 m_{1} (x + 2 ∆ x)}{∆ x}$

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1 mark

Two bobs A and B, of equal mass, are connected by a light inextensible string of length l.

6-1-sl-mcq-hard-q5-phy

Bob A is tied to a nail at the centre of a smooth table by another light, inextensible string of length 3l. The bobs are then set into uniform motion on the surface of the table with the same angular velocity.

What is the ratio of the tension in the string connecting bob A and B to that in the string connecting bob A to the nail?

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1 mark

An aircraft moves in a horizontal plane at a constant linear speed v and makes a turn of radius r.

6-1-sl-mcq-hard-q6-phy

Which of the following expressions is true for the tilt angle θ?

You may wish to use the relationship:

$\tan θ = \frac{\sin θ}{\cos θ}$

$θ \propto r$
$θ \propto \frac{1}{r}$
$\tan θ \propto r$
$\tan θ \propto \frac{1}{r}$

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1 mark

The maximum speed for a car to safely move round a corner when the road is dry is 10 m s^–1. The maximum frictional force between the road surface and the wheels of the car is halved when the road is wet.

What is the maximum safe speed for a car to go round the corner when the road is wet?

$\sqrt{2}$ m s^–1
$2 \sqrt{2}$ m s^–1
$5 \sqrt{2}$ m s^–1
$10 \sqrt{2}$ m s^–1

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1 mark

A conker attached to a string is whirled in a vertical circle at constant speed.

Which of the following correctly shows the variation of the tension T in the string with the angular displacement θ?

6-1-sl-mcq-hard-q8-phy

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1 mark

A small object is attached to a string and whirled in a vertical circle at a constant speed. The magnitude of the net force F on the object at the top of the circle is given by:

$F_{t o p} = T + m g$

Where T is the tension in the string, m is the object's mass and g is the acceleration of free fall.

The magnitude of the net force on the object at the bottom of the circle is given by:

$F_{b o t t o m} = T - m g$

Which of the following statements is correct?

The net force on the object at the bottom of the loop is greater than the net force at the top
The net force on the object decreases as the object moves from the bottom to the top of the loop
The net force on the object at the top of the loop is greater than the net force at the bottom
The net force on the object is the same at the top and at the bottom of the loop

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1 mark

Two masses m₁ and m₂ are fixed on a horizontal circular rotating platform. m₂ is half as massive as m₁ and is fixed at a distance three times as far from the centre as m₁. The net force on m₁ is F₁ and the net force on m₂ is F₂.

Which of the following statements is correct?

$F_{1} = \frac{1}{2} F_{2}$
$F_{1} = \frac{1}{3} F_{2}$
$F_{1} = \frac{2}{3} F_{2}$
$F_{1} = 2 F_{2}$

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1 mark

Water is ejected from the nozzle of a hose through a hole of a diameter 2 cm. The water leaves the nozzle of the hose with a velocity of 25 cm s^–1 and travels horizontally towards a wall, as shown below.

2-4-sl-mcq-hard-q1-phy-1

After colliding with the wall the water has zero velocity. Water has a density of 1 g cm^–3.

What is the force exerted by the water on the wall?

625π g cm s^-2
25π g cm s^-2
$\frac{625 π}{4}$ N
2500π g cm s^-2

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1 mark

A ball of mass 0.60 kg is kicked off a cliff with a horizontal velocity of 3.0 m s^–1. It follows the path of a projectile shown below and lands with a velocity of 4.0 m s^–1 at an angle of 30^o to the ground. Air resistance is negligible during the flight.

2-4-sl-mcq-hard-q2-phy

What is the magnitude of the change in momentum of the ball between the top of the cliff and the ground below?

You may need to use the following trigonometric values to help you:

cos(30) = $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$

sin(30) = $\frac{1}{2}$

$1.2 \sqrt{3}$ N s
0.6 N s
2 N s
1.2 N s

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1 mark

A BB gun fires 4 g ball bearings at a rate of 100 balls per minute. The balls leave the BB gun at a velocity of 20 m s^–1 and strike a fixed steel block. The balls rebound off the block with the same velocity as they were fired.

What is the average force exerted on the steel container?

16 N
$\frac{0.16}{60}$ N
$\frac{16}{60}$ N
$\frac{1600}{60}$ N

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1 mark

Two trolleys, X and Y, are connected by an elastic cord, of negligible mass, as shown below. Trolley X is twice the mass of trolley Y.

2-4-sl-mcq-hard-q4-phy

The two trolleys are pulled apart so that the elastic cord is stretched. The trolleys are then released at the same time and move towards each other. The trolleys stick together on impact.

Just before the trolleys collide, the speed of trolley X is 20 cm s^–1.

What is the speed of the trolleys after they collide?

20 cm s⁻¹
0 cm s⁻¹
10 cm s⁻¹
30 cm s⁻¹

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1 mark

The diagram below shows a block of mass 2 kg sliding down a rough slope from rest against a constant friction force of 2.5 N.

Use the following assumptions to help you:

Acceleration due to free fall is 10 m s⁻²

cos(20) = 0.9

sin(20) = 0.3

q26_linear-momentum_aqa-as-physics-mcq

What is the momentum of the block along the slope after 5 seconds?

7.75 kg m s⁻¹
38.75 kg m s⁻¹
77.5 kg m s⁻¹
17.5 kg m s⁻¹

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1 mark

A car of mass 3000 kg is travelling at 5 m s^–1 when it collides with a wall and is brought to rest. The force-time graph of the impact is shown below.

q27_linear-momentum_aqa-as-physics-mcq

What is the maximum force exerted on the car?

15 000 N
300 000 N
75 N
3000 N

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1 mark

The variation of the force, F, with time, t, acting on a mass of 160 g is shown on the graph below.

q28_linear-momentum_aqa-as-physics-mcq

The velocity of the body at t = 10 ms is 5 m s^–1.

What is the velocity of the body at t = 35 ms?

30 m s⁻¹
$\frac{835}{32}$ m s⁻¹
$\frac{27}{8}$ m s⁻¹
$\frac{675}{32}$ m s⁻¹

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1 mark

Particle P has a mass m and is moving towards a stationary particle, Q, of mass M. P is travelling with a velocity of u before colliding head on with particle Q. The collision between the particles is elastic.

What is the velocity of particle Q after the collision?

$\frac{2 m u}{M + m}$
$\frac{(M - m) u}{M}$
u
2mu

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1 mark

Two spheres approach each other along the same straight line. Their speeds are u₁ and u₂ before collision, and v₁ and v₂ after collision, in the directions shown below

q12_linear-momentum_aqa-as-physics-mcq

Which equation is correct if the collision is perfectly elastic?

u₁ – u₂ = v₂ – v₁
u₁ – u₂ = v₂ + v₁
u₁ + u₂ = v₂ + v₁
u₁ + u₂ = v₂ – v₁

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1 mark

A wooden block of weight W rests on a rough board that produces a friction force F. The end of the board is then raised up to angle θ until the block slides down the plane of the board at constant velocity v.

q11_forces_ib-sl-physics-mcq

Which row describes the forces acting on the block as it slides down the board?

	Frictional force on block	Resultant force on block
A.	W sin θ	0
B.	W cos θ	W sin θ – F
C.	W cos θ	0
D.	W sin θ	F – W sin θ

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1 mark

Which row gives the correct Newton’s third law force pair for a book on a table?

	Force A	Force B
A.	Weight of the book	Force of book on the table
B.	Gravitational force of the Earth pulling on the book	Gravitational force of the book pulling on the Earth
C.	Weight of the book	Reaction force from the table surface
D.	Gravitational force of the Earth pulling on the book	Gravitational force of the table pulling on the Earth

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1 mark

An object of mass m is connected via a frictionless pulley to an object of mass M, where M > m. M rests on a horizontal rough surface with a frictional force f. q13_forces_ib-sl-physics-mcq

What is the acceleration of the system?

0
$\frac{m g + f}{(M + m)}$
$\frac{m g - f}{(M + m)}$
g

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1 mark

A photo hangs from two strings. It has a weight W and the two strings have equal tension T.

What is the free–body diagram for this situation?

q14_forces_ib-sl-physics-mcq

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1 mark

Which of the following are possible values for the maximum coefficient of static friction, $μ_{S}$ and dynamic friction, $μ_{d}$ ?

	$μ_{S}$	$μ_{d}$
A.	0.012	0.78
B.	0.35	0.12
C.	1.50	0.90
D.	0.26	–0.77

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1 mark

A uniform ladder resting in equilibrium on rough ground leans against a smooth wall.

Which diagram correctly shows the forces acting on the ladder?

q16_forces_ib-sl-physics-mcq

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1 mark

A block of mass m rests on a trolley of mass M. The coefficient of dynamic friction between the block and the trolley is µ.

A horizontal force F acts on the block causing it to slide over the trolley. What is the acceleration of the trolley?

$\frac{F - μ m g}{M}$
$\frac{μ m g}{(M + m)}$
$\frac{F - μ M g}{m}$
$\frac{μ m g}{M}$

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1 mark

A sled with a child has a combined weight of 400 N and rests on a horizontal surface. The coefficient of static friction between the sled and the surface is 0.50 and the coefficient of dynamic friction is 0.30.

A horizontal force F is applied to the sled and its magnitude increases uniformly from zero. Once the sled starts moving, the pulling force no longer increases.

What is the minimum resultant force required on the moving sled?

80 N
–80 N
320 N
0 N

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1 mark

Two coplanar forces of 11 N and 7 N act on an object. Which force could not be the resultant for these two forces?

18 N
1 N
9 N
4 N

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1 mark

Two boxes in contact are pushed in a line along a floor with a force F. The boxes are moving at a constant speed. Box X has a mass m and box Y has a mass 3m. q20_forces_ib-sl-physics-mcq

What is the resultant force acting on Y?

F
$\frac{F}{3}$
3F
0

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1 mark

A particle of mass m moves in a circle of radius r at uniform speed, taking time T for each revolution. What is the kinetic energy of the particle?

$2 m r π f^{2}$
$m r^{2} π^{2} f^{2}$
$2 m r^{2} π^{2} f^{2}$
$4 m r^{2} π^{2} f^{2}$

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1 mark

A 0.05 kg ball is attached to an inextensible string and whirled overhead such that it rotates in a horizontal circle.

What is the centripetal force on the ball if the string is 0.1 m long and the ball has a time period of $\frac{π}{10}$ s?

1.0 N
0.1 N
8.0 N
2.0 N

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1 mark

A horizontal disc rotates uniformly at a constant angular velocity about a central axis normal to the plane of the disc.

q13_circular-motion_ib-sl-physics-mcq

Point X is on a distance 3L from the centre of the disc. Point Y is a distance L from the centre of the disc. Point Y has a linear speed v and a centripetal acceleration a.

What is the linear speed and centripetal acceleration of point X?

	Linear Speed of X	Acceleration of X
A.	3v	a
B.	v	a
C.	3v	3a
D.	2v	2a

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1 mark

A spinning top makes twenty revolutions in five minutes in a clockwise direction.

What is the angular velocity of the spinning top?

$\frac{2 π}{15}$
$\frac{π}{150}$
10π
$\frac{1}{15}$

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1 mark

A body moves in a circle with increasing angular velocity. At times t, the angles θ swept out by the body added cumulatively from the same reference point and its angular velocities ω are as follows:

t / s

θ / rad

ω / rad s^–1

0.4

2.4

4.4

6.4

The angular acceleration of the body:

is constant at 0.2 rad s^–2
gradually decreases and is 6.25 rad s^–2 when t = 15 s
is constant at 0.4 rad s^–2
increases at a constant rate and is 0.2 rad s^–2 when t = 15 s

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1 mark

A hammer thrower rotates a ball on a string in a circular path gradually increasing its angular velocity with each rotation.

q17_circular-motion_ib-sl-physics-mcq

When the hammer releases the ball, the subsequent path taken by the ball is

a vertical circle
a parabola in a horizontal plane
a parabola in a vertical plane
a straight line along a radius of the circle

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1 mark

An object at the end of a steel rod rotates in a vertical circle at a constant angular velocity. Which of the following statements correctly describes the tension in the rod?

it is greatest when the object is halfway up the circle
it is greatest when the object is at the bottom of the circle
it is unchanged throughout the motion
it is greatest when the object is at the top of the circle

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1 mark

For a particle moving in a circle with uniform speed, which of the following statements is incorrect?

The speed of the particle is constant
The acceleration of the particle is perpendicular to its direction of motion
The momentum of the particle is constant
The particle is accelerating

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1 mark

A satellite X of mass orbits the Earth with a period T and radius r and linear speed v. What will be the orbital period of satellite Y with mass m occupying an orbit with radius $\frac{r}{2}$ and speed 2v as X?

2T
T
$\frac{T}{2}$
$\frac{T}{4}$

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1 mark

A force acts on a mass of 5.0 kg and it is initially at rest.

q11_momentum--impulse_ib-sl-physics-mcq

What is the time taken for the mass to reach an acceleration of 2 m s^-2?

2.50 s
2.20 s
2.25 s
2.00 s

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1 mark

A body of mass 3M at rest explodes into two pieces of mass 2M and M.

What is the ratio $\frac{k i n e t i c e n e r g y o f 2 M}{k i n e t i c e n e r g y o f M}$ and $\frac{m o m e n t u m o f 2 M}{m o m e n t u m o f M}$ ?

	$\frac{k i n e t i c e n e r g y o f 2 M}{k i n e t i c e n e r g y o f M}$	$\frac{m o m e n t u m o f 2 M}{m o m e n t u m o f M}$
A.	$\frac{1}{2}$	-1
B.	1	-1
C.	$\frac{1}{4}$	2
D.	$\frac{1}{2}$	-2

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1 mark

Which of the following is an elastic collision?

A ball dropped from a height and bouncing up to a lower height
Two railway trucks colliding and they link together
Two gas molecules collide and a bond is formed between them
Two gas molecules collide and then travel perpendicular to each other

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1 mark

A ball of mass m travels horizontally and strikes a vertical wall with a speed of v_ims^-1. It then rebounds horizontally at speed v_fms^-1. The ball is in contact with the wall for time Δt. q14_momentum--impulse_ib-sl-physics-mcq

What is if the ball rebounds after an impulse of magnitude I?

A.	v_final= $\frac{1 + v_{i n i t i a l}}{m}$
B.	v_final= $\frac{1 + m v_{i n i t i a l}}{m}$
C.	v_final= $\frac{1 - m v_{i n i t i a l}}{m}$
D.	v_final= $\frac{1 - v_{i n i t i a l}}{m}$

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1 mark

A stone of mass 0.5 kg is thrown with an initial speed of 10 m s^-1 at an angle θ to the vertical. P is the highest point of the motion and air resistance is negligible.

q15_momentum--impulse_ib-sl-physics-mcq

What is the momentum of the stone at P?

5 sin θ
5
5 cos θ
0

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1 mark

A truck T moving horizontally collides with an identical truck S that is at rest. q16_1_momentum--impulse_ib-sl-physics-mcq

T strikes S with speed 2v.

What is a possible outcome of the collision? q16_2_momentum--impulse_ib-sl-physics-mcq

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1 mark

A ball of mass m strikes a vertical wall with a speed v at an angle of θ to the wall. The ball rebounds at the same speed and angle in time t. What is the magnitude of the impulse on the wall?

q17_momentum--impulse_ib-sl-physics-mcq

zero
2mv
2mv sin θ
2mv cos θ

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1 mark

A ball of mass 4.0 kg, initially at rest, is acted on by a force F which varies with t.

q18_momentum--impulse_ib-sl-physics-mcq

What is the velocity of the ball after 14 s?

7 m s^-1
56 m s^-1
14 m s^-1
28 m s^-1

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1 mark

Which of the following is true for momentum and impulse?

Momentum is conserved in an inelastic collision
Impulse is the momentum
The direction in which an object is travelling in doesn’t affect its impulse
A heavier object always experiences a greater impulse than a lighter one

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1 mark

Two balls m and 2m collide elastically with speeds v and 2v respectively. After the collision, they both move in opposite directions. q20_momentum--impulse_ib-sl-physics-mcq

What speed does the 2m ball move with after the collision?

A.	$\sqrt{\frac{5}{2}}$ v
B.	$\frac{5}{2}$ v
C.	$\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}}$ v
D.	$\frac{1}{2}$ v

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