Potassium reacts with chlorine to form potassium chloride.
The electronic configuration of the potassium atom is 2.8.8.1 and the electronic configuration of the chlorine is 2.8.7.
What are the electronic configurations of the ions formed?
| K+ | Cl- | |||
| ☐ | A | 2.8.8.2 | 2.8.7 | |
| ☐ | B | 2.8.8.2 | 2.8.8 | |
| ☐ | C | 2.8.8 | 2.8.7 | |
| ☐ | D | 2.8.8 | 2.8.8 |
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An aluminium atom has the atomic number 13 and the mass number 27.
Which row shows the numbers of subatomic particles present in an aluminium ion, Al3+?
| protons | neutrons | electrons | |||
| ☐ | A | 13 | 14 | 13 | |
| ☐ | B | 13 | 14 | 10 | |
| ☐ | C | 14 | 13 | 10 | |
| ☐ | D | 14 | 13 | 17 |
3 marksMagnesium burns in excess oxygen to form magnesium oxide.
The balanced equation for this reaction is
Starting with 1.35 g of magnesium, calculate the maximum mass of magnesium oxide that could be formed in this reaction.
(relative atomic masses: O = 16.0, Mg = 24.0)
You must show your working.
Chlorine reacts with hydrogen to form hydrogen chloride.
Write the balanced equation for this reaction.
Sodium chloride is an ionic compound, containing sodium ions, Na+, and chloride ions, Cl–.
Figure 15 shows the electronic configuration of sodium and chlorine.
| electron configuration | |
| sodium | 2.8.1 |
| chlorine | 2.8.7 |
Explain how sodium and chlorine atoms form the ions in sodium chloride and how the ions are arranged in the solid sodium chloride.
You may wish to use diagrams in your answer.
Sodium reacts with chlorine to form sodium chloride.
The electronic configuration of the sodium atom is 2.8.1 and the electronic configuration of the chlorine atom is 2.8.7.
Give the electronic configurations of the ions formed.
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Ionic compounds contain ions.
The numbers of electrons, neutrons and protons in four particles A, B, C and D are shown below.
Which one is the negative ion?
| particle | electrons | neutrons | protons | ||
| ☐ | A | 6 | 6 | 6 | |
| ☐ | B | 10 | 12 | 11 | |
| ☐ | C | 10 | 14 | 13 | |
| ☐ | D | 18 | 20 | 17 |
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The structure of an ionic compound, sodium chloride, is a lattice structure.
Which of the following statements about an ionic lattice structure is not true?
| ☐ | A | There is a regular arrangement of ions in the lattice | |
| ☐ | B | The layers of ions slide over each other easily in the lattice | |
| ☐ | C | The ions are arranged with alternating anions and cations | |
| ☐ | D | Strong electrostatic forces of attraction occur between oppositely charged ions |
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The name of an ionic compound can be used to deduce its formula.
Draw one straight line from each name of an ionic compound to its correct formula.
What is meant by the term ion?
When sodium and chlorine react together, they form the ionic compound, sodium chloride.
Use words from the box to complete the sentences about how sodium chloride is formed.
| lose | electrostatic | negative | |||
| positive | gain |
intermolecular |
Sodium atoms ...................... one electron to form ...................... ions and chlorine atoms ...................... one electron to form ...................... ions. There are ...................... forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions which hold the compound together.
Which substance does not have ionic bonding?
| ☐ | A | lithium sulfide | |
| ☐ | B | calcium carbonate | |
| ☐ | C | carbon dioxide | |
| ☐ | D | magnesium oxide |
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