Syllabus Edition

First teaching 2023

First exams 2025

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Diffraction (CIE AS Physics)

Topic Questions

1a
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2 marks

State what is meant by the diffraction of a wave.

1b
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2 marks

State one property of a wave that changes when it is diffracted and one that remains the same.

1c
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2 marks

Use words from Table 1.1 to complete the following sentence:

................................ passing through  ................................ will produce a large diffraction effect.

Table 1.1

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1d
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4 marks

Fig. 1.1 shows a child in a hallway looking for a toy which is making a noise and emitting light.

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Fig. 1.1

The child can hear the sound of the toy, but cannot see the light coming from it. 

Complete the following sentences by circling the correct word:

Sound waves emitted by the toy diffract / refract around the corner because the amplitude / wavelength is similar in size to the width of the hallway.

The amplitude / wavelength of light is much larger / smaller than that of the sound waves, so light is not diffracted / refracted around the corner.

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2a
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2 marks

Wavefronts of a water wave pass through a gap in a harbour, as shown in Fig 1.1.

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Fig. 1.1

Complete Fig 1.1 to show four wavefronts after they have emerged from the gap.

2b
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2 marks

State two changes to Fig. 1.1 that would decrease the amount of diffraction of the water waves.

2c
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2 marks

Fig. 1.2 shows a water wave meeting a barrier.

tVfXvfRn_3-1-q5d-e-diffraction-barrier-q Fig 1.2

Complete Fig. 1.2 to show the wavefronts after they have passed the barrier.

2d
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2 marks

Fig. 1.3 shows the wavefronts of a water wave moving from left to right in a harbour.

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Fig. 1.3

Complete Fig. 1.3 to show the wavefronts as they pass to the right of point A.

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1a
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2 marks

White light is passed through a single narrow slit and illuminates a screen. 

Describe the pattern observed on the screen.

1b
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2 marks

Blue light from a laser is now passed through a single narrow slit, as shown in Fig 1.1. A pattern of bright and dark regions can be observed on the screen which is placed several metres beyond the slit. 

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Fig. 1.1

Describe the effect on the diffraction pattern if the width of the narrow slit is decreased.

1c
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2 marks

With the original slit width, state and explain the effect on the width of the fringes on the diffraction pattern if the blue light is replaced with a red light of the same intensity. 

1d
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3 marks

The intensity graph for the diffracted blue light is shown in Fig 1.2. 

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Fig. 1.2

On the axes shown in Fig 1.2, sketch the intensity graph for the laser emitting red light.

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2a
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2 marks

A beam of monochromatic light is incident upon two slits. The distance between the slits is as shown in Fig 1.1.

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Fig 1.1

A series of bright and dark fringes appear on the screen. Explain how a bright fringe is formed.

2b
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2 marks

If the wavelength of the incident light is halved and the distance between the slits is doubled, outline the effect on the separation of the fringes of the interference pattern.

2c
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2 marks

One of the slits is covered so it emits no light.

Describe how this changes the pattern's appearance and the intensities observed on the screen.

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3a
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1 mark

Define diffraction.

3b
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4 marks

The diagram shows a student in a room with an open door and a television in the next room. 

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The student can hear the sound of the television, but cannot see the picture coming from it. 

Explain why this is the case. 

3c
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3 marks

Explain what would happen in terms of diffraction of the sound waves, if the student's room mate partially closed the door.

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