What is localisation of brain function (LOF)?
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What is localisation of brain function (LOF)?
Localisation of brain function (LOF) is the concept that specific behaviours and functions, such as memory and executive control, are associated with specific regions of the brain.
True or False?
Localisation of brain function (LOF) assumes that there is no biological basis to behaviour.
False.
Localisation of brain function assumes that there is a biological basis to behaviour and that thoughts, actions, and other behaviours are linked to a biological function.
What are some examples of localisation of brain function (LOF)?
Some examples of localisation of brain function include:
language production in Broca’s area
declarative memory and spatial navigation in the hippocampus
executive control in the prefrontal cortex
Which studies support the concept of localisation of brain function?
Studies that support the concept of localisation of brain function:
Corkin (1997)
Maguire (2000)
Raine et al. (1997)
True or False?
Corkin (1997) used PET scans to measure the brain of HM.
False.
Corkin (1997) used MRI scans to measure the brain of HM.
True or False?
Raine et al. (1997) used fMRI scans to demonstrate the lack of activity in the PFC of impulsive murderers.
False.
Raine et al. (1997) used PET scans to demonstrate the lack of activity in the PFC of impulsive murderers.
Why is it a limitation of the Corkin (1997) study that it is based on a case study?
It is a limitation of the Corkin (1997) study that it is based on a case study (of one participant), meaning the results are not easily generalisable.
Why is it a limitation in the Raine et al. (1997) study that the findings are deterministic?
It is a limitation of the Raine et al. (1997) study that the findings are deterministic, suggesting that individuals are destined to be violent criminals due to abnormalities in pre-frontal cortex (PFC) functioning.
What is the aim of Maguire's (2000) study in terms of localisation of function (LOF)?
The aim of Maguire's (2000) study is to investigate the localisation of function linked to spatial navigation experience in London black cab taxi drivers.
How does Maguire (2000) measure grey matter in the hippocampus in taxi drivers?
Maguire (2000) measured grey matter in the hippocampus of taxi drivers by using a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) which focuses on the density of grey matter and pixel counting.
True or False?
Maguire (2000) found that the anterior hippocampus of the taxi drivers showed a greater volume of grey matter compared to the controls.
False.
Maguire (2000) found that the posterior hippocampus of the taxi drivers showed a greater volume of grey matter compared to the controls.
What is the aim of the case study of HM (Corkin 1997) in relation to localisation of function (LOF)?
The aim of the case study of HM (Corkin 1997) in relation to localisation of function (LOF) is to investigate the areas of the brain implicated in his amnesia (memory loss).
What is the key finding from the case study of HM (Corkin, 1997) in relation to localisation of function (LOF)?
The key finding from the case study of HM (Corkin, 1997) is that memory is localised to the temporal lobe, specifically the hippocampus.
Why is it a limitation in the case study of HM (Corkin, 1997) that his brain was already damaged due to epilepsy (a confounding variable)?
Is it a limitation in the case study of HM (Corkin, 1997) that his brain was already damaged due to epilepsy (a confounding variable), as this could decrease the validity that memory is localised to the hippocampus.
True or False?
The case study of HM (Corkin, 1997) highlighted important new insight into the brain and memory function, specifically the role of the hippocampus in memory formation.
True.
The case study of HM (Corkin, 1997) highlighted important new insight into the brain and memory function, specifically the role of the hippocampus in memory formation.