AC & High Voltage Transmission (AQA GCSE Physics)
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Katie MExpertise
Physics
AC & High Voltage Transmission
- Transformers have a number of roles:
- They are used to increase the potential difference of electricity before it is transmitted across the national grid
- They are used to lower the high voltage electricity used in power lines to the lower voltages used in houses
- They are used in adapters to lower mains voltage to the lower voltages used by many electronic devices
Advantages of High Voltage Transmission
- When electricity is transmitted over large distances, the current in the wires heats them, resulting in energy loss
- To transmit the same amount of power as the input power the potential difference at which the electricity is transmitted should be increased
- This will result in a smaller current being transmitted through the power lines
- This is because P = IV, so if V increases, I must decrease to transmit the same power
- A smaller current flowing through the power lines results in less heat being produced in the wire
- This will reduce the energy loss in the power lines
Electricity is transmitted at high voltage, reducing the current and hence power loss in the cables
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