The Challenge of Resource Management (AQA GCSE Geography)

Topic Questions

1a1 mark

Study Figure 9, a map showing world oil consumption in 2016.

fig-9-june-2018-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo-1

(a)
What is the difference between Africa and North America’s share of world oil consumption shown in Figure 9?
1b3 marks
(b)
Using Figure 9 and your own understanding, suggest how inequalities in the consumption of resources influence well-being.

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2a1 mark

Study Figure 11, a map of South and East Asia showing the percentage of people who were undernourished between 2014 and 2016.
fig-11-june-2018-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
Name one country where less than 5% of the population were undernourished.
2b2 marks
(b)
How many of the Asian countries shown in Figure 11 had 15–24.9% of their population undernourished?
Shade one circle only.
What percentage of the 24 countries in Asia for which data is shown had 15–24.9% of their population undernourished? 
Answer to 1 decimal place.
  • 6

  • 7

  • 8

  • 9

2c2 marks
(c)
Describe the distribution of countries which had 15–24.9% of their population undernourished as shown in Figure 11.
2d2 marks
(d)
Outline one reason why some countries have a limited food supply.

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3a1 mark

Study Figure 12, a map of Africa showing percentage access to basic drinking water services in 2015.

fig-12-june-2018-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
Name one country with a 91–100% access to basic drinking water services.
3b2 marks
(b)
How many of the African countries shown in Figure 12 had less than 50% access to basic drinking water services?
Shade one circle only.
What percentage of the 48 countries in Africa for which data is shown had less than 50% access to basic drinking water services?
Answer to 1 decimal place.

  • 8

  • 9

  • 10

  • 11

3c2 marks
(c)
Describe the distribution of countries which had 76–90% access to basic drinking water services as shown in Figure 12.
3d2 marks
(d)
Outline one reason why some countries have a limited availability of water.

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4a1 mark

Study Figure 13, a map of Europe showing the percentage energy consumption from renewable sources in Europe (excluding Russia) in 2014.

fig-13-june-2018-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
Name one country which had less than 10.0% of energy consumption from renewable sources.
4b2 marks
(b)
How many European countries shown in Figure 13 had 35.0-49.9% of energy consumption from renewable sources?
Shade one circle only.
What percentage of the 41 countries in Europe for which data is shown had 35.0–49.9% consumption of energy from renewable sources?
Answer to 1 decimal place.
  • 5

  • 6

  • 7

  • 8

4c2 marks
(c)
Describe the distribution of countries which had 20.0–34.9% consumption of energy from renewable sources shown in Figure 13.
4d1 mark
(d)
Outline one reason why some countries have a limited energy supply.

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5a2 marks

Study Figure 9, a table showing mango imports into the UK, 2012–2016.

Figure 9

Year Mango imports (1000 tonnes)
2012 38
2013 47
2014 47
2015 56
2016 66

(a)
Calculate the percentage increase in mango imports into the UK between 2012 and 2016.
Answer to the nearest whole percentage.

Show your working

Nearest whole percentage =

5b1 mark
(b)
State one environmental effect of the increase shown in Figure 9.
5c2 marks
(c)
Outline one advantage of sourcing food locally in the UK.
5d2 marks
(d)
Outline one advantage of the trend towards agribusiness in the UK.

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6a1 mark

Food

Study Figure 11, a graph showing daily protein consumption for selected countries, 1960–2013.

fig-11-june-2019-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
What was the difference in protein consumption per person per day between China and the UK in 2013?
6b2 marks
(b)
Complete Figure 11 using the following data.

Country Daily protein consumption 2013
Nigeria 64 grams
Mozambique 46 grams
6c2 marks
(c)
Describe the trend for China shown in Figure 11.
6d3 marks
(d)
Suggest why food consumption in a country might change over time.

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7a1 mark

Water

Study Figure 12, information about the water crisis in Cape Town, a city in South Africa, a LIC/NEE country.

Figure 12

Restrictions on the amount of water available per person per day:
  • 19 May 2017–100 litres
  • 3 Sep 2017–90 litres
  • 1 Feb 2018–50 litres
  • If the water crisis continues people will be rationed to 25 litres.
For comparison, the average Californian usage – 321 litres per person per day.

(a)
Calculate the difference between the average Californian usage and restrictions in Cape Town on 1 February 2018.
Study Figure 13, a graph showing how the water restrictions in Cape Town have changed.

fig-13-june-2019-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

7b2 marks
(b)
Use the data in Figure 12 to complete the graph in Figure 13.
7c2 marks
(c)
Describe the trend shown in Figure 13.
7d3 marks
(d)
Outline one or more likely impacts of water insecurity.

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8a2 marks

Study Figure 14, a graph showing the percentage of energy from renewable sources in the Balearic Islands, a region of Spain.

fig-14-june-2019-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
Complete Figure 14 using the following data.

Year Renewable energy (%)
2018 4
2035 target 35
8b1 mark
(b)
Calculate the difference between the 2018 percentage from renewable energy and the 2035 target.
8c2 marks

Study Figure 15, a newspaper article about energy in the Balearic Islands.

fig-15-june-2019-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(c)
State two alternatives to large solar energy farms suggested in Figure 15.
8d3 marks
(d)
Suggest how energy supply issues can lead to conflict.

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9a1 mark
(a)
What is organic farming?
9b3 marks
(b)
Explain why there is a growing demand in the UK for food from LICs.

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10a1 mark
(a)
What is meant by famine?
10b2 marks

Study Figure 11, a map of Africa showing the percentage of population that was undernourished between 2016 and 2018.

fig-11-june-2020-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(b)
Complete Figure 11 using the following data.

Country % of population undernourished
Egypt less than 5
Central African Republic 25 or more

10c2 marks
(c)
Describe the distribution of the countries which had 5 –14.9% of their population undernourished between 2016 and 2018 as shown in Figure 11.
10d2 marks
(d)
 Suggest one reason for differences in undernourishment between countries.

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11a2 marks

Study Figure 13, a map of Africa showing the water footprint per person per year.

fig-13-june-2020-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
Complete Figure 13 using the following data.

Country Water footprint m3 per person per year
Niger more than 2000
Central African Republic 1001–1384
11b2 marks
(b)
Describe the distribution of the countries which had a water footprint of 550 –1000 m3 per person per year as shown in Figure 13.
11c2 marks
(c)
Outline one way in which economic development leads to increased water consumption.
11d1 mark
(d)
What is meant by water deficit?

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12a2 marks

Study Figure15, a map of Africa showing the percentage of population with access to electricity in 2017.

fig-15-june-2020-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
Complete Figure 15 using the following data.

Country % of population with access to electricity
Libya 50–74.99
Central African Republic 25– 49.99
12b2 marks
(b)
Describe the distribution of the countries which had 75–100% access to electricity as shown in Figure 15.
12c2 marks
(c)
Outline one way in which economic development leads to increased energy consumption.
12d1 mark
(d)
What is meant by energy deficit?

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13a2 marks

Study Figure 9, a map showing the levels of well-being for young people in selected countries.

fig-9-nov-2021-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
Suggest how access to clean water may influence the differences in levels of well-being shown in Figure 9.
13b1 mark
(b)
Name one area in the UK that experiences water deficit.
13c3 marks
(c)
There is a need to transfer water in the UK to maintain supplies.
Explain how changing demand for water increases this need.

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14a2 marks

Study Figure 11, a divided bar chart showing the typical daily diet in the UK and Somalia.

fig-11-nov-2021-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
Complete Figure 11 using the following data for Somalia.

Food % calories
Dairy and eggs 24
Meat 7
14b2 marks
(b)
State two differences between the typical daily diet in the UK and Somalia shown in Figure 11.
14c2 marks
(c)
Outline one reason for differences in food supply between countries.
14d1 mark
(d)
What is meant by food insecurity?

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15a2 marks

Study Figure 13, a divided bar chart showing water use by different sectors of the economy in Europe, Africa and Asia.

fig-13-nov-2021-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
Complete Figure 13 using the following data for Asia.

Sector % water used
Industry 10
Household 9
15b2 marks
(b)
State two differences between the water use in Europe and Africa shown in Figure 13.
15c2 marks
(c)
Outline one reason for differences in water use between countries.
15d1 mark
(d)
What is meant by water insecurity?

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16a1 mark

Study Figure 15, a divided bar chart showing the energy mix in the European Union (EU) and China.

fig-15-nov-2021-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

(a)
Complete Figure 15 using the following data for China.

Energy source % energy generated
Coal 59
Gas 6
16b2 marks
(b)
State two differences between the energy mix in the EU and China shown in Figure 15.
16c3 marks
(c)
Outline one reason for differences in energy use between countries.
16d1 mark
(d)
What is meant by energy insecurity?

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173 marks

Suggest how poor water supply may affect social well-being

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18a1 mark

Food

Study Figure 12, a graph showing GNI per person and food consumption per person for selected countries.

Figure 12

figure-12-june-2022-paper-2-aqa-gcse-geography

Plot the following data on to Figure 12.

Country  GNI (US$ per person 
per year)
Food consumption 
(kilocalories per person 
per day)
Botswana 16 000 2300
18b1 mark

Which country is identified by the following data?

GNI (US$ per person 
per year)
Food consumption 
(kilocalories per person 
per day)
32 000  3200
18c1 mark

Draw a best fit line on Figure 12.

18d2 marks

Describe the relationship between GNI and food consumption shown in Figure 12

18e3 marks

Outline one or more reasons for the link between GNI and food consumption

18f2 marks

Give two impacts of food insecurity.

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19a1 mark

Water

Study Figure 13, a graph showing GNI per person and the percentage of rural areas with a basic water supply for selected countries.

Figure 13

figure-13-june-2022-paper-2-aqa-gcse-geography

Plot the following data on to Figure 13.

Country GNI (US$ per person 
per year)
Basic water supply in 
rural areas (%)
Botswana  16 000 58

19b1 mark

Which country is identified by the following data?

GNI (US$ per person per year) Basic water supply in rural areas (%)
4000 52

19c2 marks

Describe the relationship between GNI and access to a basic water supply shown in Figure 13.

19d3 marks

Outline one or more reasons for the link between GNI and water supply

19e2 marks

Give two impacts of water insecurity

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20a1 mark

Energy

Study Figure 14, a graph showing GNI per person and energy consumption for selected countries

Figure 14

figure-14-june-2022-paper-2-aqa-gcse-geography

Plot the following data on to Figure 14.

Country GNI (US$ per person 
per year)
Energy consumption
(kg oil equivalent per 
person per year)
Botswana  16 000 1200
20b1 mark

Which country is identified by the following data?

GNI (US$ per person per year) Energy consumption (kg oil equivalent per person per year)
8000 450
20c1 mark

Draw a best fit line on Figure 14

20d2 marks

Describe the relationship between GNI and energy consumption shown in Figure 14

20e3 marks

Outline one or more reasons for the link between GNI and energy consumption

20f2 marks

Give two impacts of energy insecurity.

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16 marks

Study Figure 10, a graph showing the UK's changing energy mix from 2006 to 2016.

fig-10-june-2018-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

Using Figure 10 and your own understanding, discuss the issues arising from the UK’s changing energy mix.

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26 marks

Explain how different strategies can be used to make food supplies more sustainable.

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36 marks

Explain how different strategies can be used to make water supplies more sustainable.

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46 marks

Explain how different strategies can be used to make energy supplies more sustainable.

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56 marks

Study Figure 10, comments from a government report into water quality and pollution in the UK.

Figure 10

The Environment Agency has asked water companies and farmers to reduce the number of pollution incidents harming England’s waters. They have also said penalties for pollution should be made tougher.

The number of serious pollution incidents has reduced since 2001, but there were still 317 in 2016.

The most common reasons for rivers having poor water quality were pollutants from farmland and sewage. These produce algae and reduce oxygen levels in the water.

The Environment Agency says population growth, climate change and plastic pollution are some of the main threats to water quality in the future.

Discuss the challenges of managing water quality and pollution in the UK.

Use Figure 10 and your own understanding.

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66 marks

‘A large scale agricultural development can bring both advantages and disadvantages.’

Explain this statement using an example you have studied.

Name of development ______________

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76 marks

‘A large scale water transfer scheme can bring both advantages and disadvantages.’
Explain this statement using an example you have studied.

Name of scheme _____________

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86 marks

‘Extraction of fossil fuels can bring both advantages and disadvantages.’

Explain this statement using an example you have studied.

Name of fossil fuel ___________

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96 marks

Study Figures 14a and 14b.

Figure 14a is a typical greywater system.
Figure 14b is a photograph of a garden water butt.

Figure 14a 

grey-water-system

fig-14b-june-2020-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

Suggest how water supplies can be made more sustainable.
Use Figures 14a and 14b and your own understanding.

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106 marks

Study Figures 16a and 16b.

Figure 16a is a diagram showing energy conservation in the home.
Figure 16b is a photograph of an electric vehicle charging point.

fig-16a-june-2020-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

fig-16b-june-2020-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

Suggest how energy use can be made more sustainable.
Use Figures 16a and 16b and your own understanding.

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116 marks

Study Figure 10a and Figure 10b.

Figure 10a shows the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted to produce 1 kg of food.

Figure 10b is a screenshot of a local food organisation’s website.

fig-10a-nov-2021-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

fig-10b-nov-2021-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

‘Growing concern in the UK about the carbon footprint of food creates both opportunities and challenges.’

Use evidence from Figure 10a and Figure 10b to explain this statement.

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126 marks

Study Figure 12a and Figure 12b.

fig-12a-and-12b-nov-2021-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

Suggest how food insecurity can have both economic and social impacts.

Use Figure 12a and Figure 12b and your own understanding.

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136 marks

Study Figure 14a and Figure 14b.

figure-14-paper-2-nov-2021-aqa-gcse-geography

Suggest how water insecurity can have both economic and social impacts.

Use Figure 14a and Figure 14b and your own understanding.

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146 marks

Study Figure 16a and Figure 16b.

fig-16a-and-16b-nov-2021-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

Suggest how energy insecurity can have both economic and environmental impacts.

Use Figure 16a and Figure 16b and your own understanding.

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156 marks

Study Figures 10a and 10b.

Figure 10a shows the cost of producing electricity in the UK by source.
Figure 10b is a photograph showing some issues regarding wind farms. 

fig-10a-june-2020-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

fig-10b-june-2020-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

‘There are economic and environmental issues associated with the exploitation of energy sources.’

Use evidence from Figure 10a and Figure 10b to explain this statement. 

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166 marks

Study Figures 12a and 12b.

Figure 12a is a photograph showing The Eagle Street Rooftop Farm in New York, a city in the USA.

Figure 12b is a food label.

u6OL-DzM_fig-12a-june-2020-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

0Jjy6DdT_fig-12b-june-2020-paper2-qp-gcse-aqa-geo

Suggest how food supplies can be made more sustainable. 

Use Figures 12a and 12b and your own understanding.

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176 marks

Suggest how food supplies have been made more sustainable.

Use an example of a local scheme in an LIC/NEE. 

Name of local scheme

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186 marks

Suggest how water supplies have been made more sustainable.

Use an example of a local scheme in an LIC/NEE. 

Name of local scheme

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196 marks

Suggest how energy supplies have been made more sustainable.

Use an example of a local renewable energy scheme in an LIC/NEE. 

Name of local scheme

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