Syllabus Edition
First teaching 2020
Last exams 2024
The diagram shows transverse sections of two plant structures.
What are the correct labels for structures 1, 2, 3 and 4?
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
A |
phloem |
xylem |
xylem |
phloem |
|
B |
xylem |
phloem |
xylem |
phloem |
|
C |
phloem |
xylem |
phloem |
xylem |
|
D |
xylem |
phloem |
phloem |
xylem |
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The diagram shows a transverse plant section.
What is the name of tissue X?
pith
cortex
endodermis
waxy cuticle
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Which features apply to both sieve tube elements and xylem vessel elements?
|
1 |
no end walls |
|
2 |
no nucleus |
|
3 |
no cytoplasm |
|
4 |
dependent on companion cells for certain functions |
1, 3 and 4
2, 3 and 4
1, 2 and 3
2 only
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When drawing a plan diagram of a transverse section of the stem of a dicotyledonous plant, which feature should not be included?
epidermis
vascular bundle
companion cell
cortex
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The diagram shows a transverse section of a plant stem.
|
1 |
X transports water and minerals |
|
2 |
Y transports substances in only one direction |
|
3 |
X and Y together are a vascular bundle |
|
4 |
X transports products of photosynthesis |
Which of these statements are true?
1, 3 and 4
2, 3 and 4
1, 2 and 3
2 and 4
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The stem of a plant is poisoned to kill the cells in the living vascular tissues.
How will this treatment affect the transport between roots and leaves via xylem and phloem?
transport occurs in the xylem and the phloem
transport occurs in the xylem and does not occur in the phloem
transport occurs in the phloem and does not occur in the xylem
transport does not occur in either the xylem or the phloem
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Which organelles occur in large numbers in companion cells?
mitochondria
starch grains
chloroplasts
lysosomes
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Which features of a root hair cell are adaptations to increase water uptake from the soil?
|
1 |
lack of waxy cuticle |
|
2 |
large surface area |
|
3 |
thin cell wall |
|
4 |
low water potential |
1, 3 and 4
2, 3 and 4
1, 2, 3 and 4
2 and 4
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Mature sieve tube elements are devoid of which feature?
mitochondria
nucleus
protein
cytoplasm
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This is an image of a plant taken with a light microscope
What is the cell labelled W?
sieve tube element
cortex
companion cell
xylem vessel element
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The diagram shows three transverse plant sections.
What are the correct labels for W, X, Y and Z?
| W | X | Y | Z | |
|
A B C D |
phloem xylem phloem xylem |
phloem phloem xylem xylem |
xylem xylem phloem phloem |
xylem phloem xylem phloem |
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This image shows the transverse section of a stem
Which is the phloem?
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The diagram shows the relationship between xylem vessel elements, phloem sieve tube elements and companion cells.
Which row is correct?
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
|
|
A |
xylem vessel elements |
lignified tissue |
companion cells |
mitochondria |
sieve tube elements |
|
B |
companion cells |
lignified tissue |
xylem vessel elements |
hollow structure |
sieve tube elements |
|
C |
sieve tube elements |
cytoplasm |
companion cells |
nucleus |
xylem vessel elements |
|
D |
companion cells |
endoplasmic reticulum |
sieve tube elements |
nucleus absent |
xylem vessel elements |
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Four students were asked to suggest a set of five labels to add to a plan diagram of a transverse section of a dicotyledonous root.
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
|
|
A |
xylem |
phloem |
cortex |
mitochondria |
endodermis |
|
B |
cortex |
vascular bundle |
xylem |
epidermis |
phloem |
|
C |
epidermis |
endodermis |
companion cells |
vascular bundle |
xylem |
|
D |
xylem |
cortex |
sieve tube elements |
cortex |
vascular bundle |
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The diagram shows a transverse plant section.
What are the functions of X, Y and Z?
| X | Y | Z | |
| A | storage of carbohydrates | regulates movement of water into and out of the vascular system | provides a physical barrier to pathogens |
| B | storage of carbohydrates | provides structural support for the plant | has a waxy cuticle to prevent water loss |
| C | allows movement of water from root hairs to vascular system | regulates movement of water into and out of the vascular system | has a waxy cuticle to prevent water loss |
| D | allows movement of water from root hairs to vascular system | provides structural support for the plant | provides a physical barrier to pathogens |
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Which labels would be suitable to add to a plan diagram of a transverse section of a dicotyledonous leaf?
|
1 |
palisade mesophyll |
|
2 |
upper epidermis |
|
3 |
spongy mesophyll |
|
4 |
xylem vessel elements |
|
5 |
phloem |
all 5
1, 2, 3 and 4
1, 4 and 5
1, 2, 3 and 5
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Which row correctly identifies xylem vessel elements and sieve tube elements?
|
xylem vessel element |
sieve tube element |
companion cell |
||||
|
cytoplasm |
nucleus |
cytoplasm |
nucleus |
cytoplasm |
nucleus |
|
|
A |
✓ |
✓ |
X |
X |
X |
✓ |
|
B |
X |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
X |
|
C |
X |
X |
✓ |
X |
✓ |
✓ |
|
D |
X |
X |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
✓ |
Key: ✓= present X= absent
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What is the most important function of companion cells in mature phloem tissue?
providing structural support for the sieve tube element
providing a source of sugars for the sieve tube element
providing cytoplasmic contact with the sieve tube element for loading
providing a nucleus for mitosis in the sieve tube element
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Which of these is not a function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?
allow movement of water via symplastic pathway
enable cell recognition
allow communication between cells
allow movement of nutrients between cells
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The diagram shows three transverse plant sections
Which of the following statements are correct?
1 and 3
2, 3 and 4
1, 4 and 5
None
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The diagram shows a transverse section of a plant structure
What are the correct labels for 1, 2, 3 and 4?
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
|
|
A |
cuticle |
xylem |
phloem |
pith |
|
B |
cuticle |
phloem |
xylem |
pith |
|
C |
epidermis |
xylem |
phloem |
cortex |
|
D |
epidermis |
phloem |
xylem |
cortex |
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The diagrams represent the cross section of the stem, root and leaf of a non-woody dicotyledonous plant. In each section the distribution of the tissues is shown.
Which sequence of numbers correctly identifies the distribution of xylem and phloem in the stem, root and leaf?
|
xylem |
phloem |
|
|
A |
1 3 5 |
2 4 6 |
|
B |
2 3 5 |
1 4 6 |
|
C |
1 4 6 |
2 3 5 |
|
D |
2 4 6 |
1 3 5 |
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Which features of these cells make them suitable for their function?
|
xylem vessel elements |
companion cells |
|
|
A |
lignified walls provide support |
nuclei allow cell division |
|
B |
nuclei allow cell division |
cellulose wall provide support |
|
C |
no living tissue present |
absence of cytoplasm allows mass flow |
|
D |
numerous mitochondria supply ATP |
lignified walls provide support |
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The photomicrograph shows a cross section of the stem of a plant.
| X | Y | Z | |
| A | xylem vessel element | cortex cell | companion cell |
| B | xylem vessel element | sieve tube element | airspace |
| C | sieve tube element | epidermal cell | pith cell |
| D | sieve tube element | xylem vessel element | cortex cell |
What are the correct labels for X, Y and Z?
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The diagram shows transverse sections of two plant structures.
What are the correct labels for structures 1, 2, 3 and 4?
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
| A | transports in two directions | transports in one direction | transports in one direction | transports ions and minerals |
| B | transports sugars | transports in one direction | transports in two directions | transports products of photosynthesis |
| C | transports sugars | transports in one direction | transports products of photosynthesis | transports ions and minerals |
| D | transports water | transports in two direction | transports in two directions | transports products of photosynthesis |
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Which row correctly identifies xylem vessel elements and sieve tube elements?
| xylem vessel element | sieve tube element | |||||
| nucleus | cytoplasm | end wall | nucleus | cytoplasm | end wall | |
|
A B C D |
X X X X |
X ✓ X X |
X ✓ X ✓ |
X X ✓ ✓ |
✓ ✓ X ✓ |
✓ ✓ X X |
Key: ✓= present X= absent
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Which description states some of the features of xylem vessels?
contains cells joined end to end, containing peripheral cytoplasm, cell walls with secondary thickening of lignin, located to the outside of phloem in vascular bundles
cells joined to form a tube, sieve plates between cells, surrounded by the endodermis in roots
dead elongated cells, lignified cell walls with pits at intervals, associated with companion cells in the roots only
contains elongated cells with no end walls, located in vascular bundles in the stem and centrally in the roots
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The diagram shows a transverse plant section.
What are the correct labels for X, Y and Z?
|
X |
Y |
Z |
|
|
A |
pith |
endodermis |
epidermis |
|
B |
cortex |
endodermis |
epidermis |
|
C |
pith |
cortex |
cuticle |
|
D |
endodermis |
cortex |
cuticle |
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The diagram shows the transverse section of a leaf
What are the correct labels for W, X, Y and Z?
|
W |
X |
Y |
Z |
|
|
A |
palisade mesophyll |
air space |
phloem |
xylem |
|
B |
guard cell |
phloem |
spongy mesophyll |
phloem |
|
C |
guard cell |
spongy mesophyll |
cortex |
phloem |
|
D |
palisade mesophyll |
air space |
spongy mesophyll |
xylem |
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What is the function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?
allow symplastic movement of substances between cells
to act as a barrier to minerals and ions
facilitate cell recognition
allow active transport of sucrose between cells
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