11 mark
Which row is correct?
| Diagram | Stage | |
| A |  |
Interphase |
| B |  |
Metaphase |
| C |  |
Anaphase |
| D |  |
Telophase |
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Syllabus Edition
First teaching 2020
Last exams 2024
|
5.2 Chromosome Behaviour in Mitosis
21 mark
The diagrams show chromosomes at different stages of mitosis.
Which shows the correct order of the cell cycle?
1 → 2 → 3 → 4
2 → 3 → 4 → 1
3 → 4 → 2 → 1
1 → 2 → 4 → 3
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31 mark
The diagram shows a cell nucleus in prophase of mitosis.
What is the correct description of the chromosomes found in each daughter nucleus immediately after division of this cell by mitosis?
4 chromosomes, each consisting of 4 chromatids
8 chromosomes, each containing 1 molecule of DNA
8 chromosomes, each consisting of 4 chromatids
16 chromosomes, each containing 1 molecule of DNA
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41 mark
A scientist adds a fluorescent dye to dividing cells which stains the nuclear envelope.
At which stages of the cell cycle would the nucleus be visible?
1 only
1 and 3 only
1,2 and 3 only
1, 2, 3 and 4
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51 mark
What happens to a cell’s DNA during metaphase of mitosis?
Each chromosome forms two chromatids
Chromatids reach the poles of the mitotic spindle
Chromosomes become shorter and thicker
Chromosomes attach to the equator of the mitotic spindle
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61 mark
At which stages of mitosis do centromeres separate and the DNA condenses?
| centromeres separate | condensation of DNA | |
| A | metaphase | interphase |
| B | anaphase | prophase |
| C | metaphase | telophase |
| D | anaphase | interphase |
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71 mark
Which statement describes interphase of mitosis?
chromosomes start to coil, becoming shorter and fatter
chromosomes line up on the equator of the spindle
chromatids are pulled apart by spindle fibres
chromosomes are replicated ready for the next division
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81 mark
Which is always true of cytokinesis?
|
1 |
cell structures are divided between two cells. |
|
2 |
nuclear envelope reforms |
|
3 |
cell structures replicate |
1 only
1 and 3 only
2 only
1, 2 and 3
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91 mark
During which stage of the mitotic cell cycle is DNA replicated?
Metaphase
Telophase
Prophase
Interphase
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101 mark
The diagram shows a human cell (2n = 46) at different stages of mitosis. Cell 1 is at the end of prophase and the cells 2 and 3 are daughter cells just after telophase.
How many DNA molecules are there in the nucleus of cell 1 and cell 2?
| cell 1 | cell 2 | |
| A | 46 | 46 |
| B | 46 | 23 |
| C | 92 | 46 |
| D | 92 | 23 |
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11 mark
The graphs show measurements taken from metaphase of mitosis onwards.
The graphs are to scale when compared to one another.
Which row correctly identifies each graph?
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| A | distance of centromere from pole of spindle | distance between poles of spindle |
distance between sister chromatids |
| B | distance between sister chromatids | distance between poles of spindle | distance of centromere from pole of spindle |
| C | distance between sister chromatids | distance of centromere from pole of spindle | distance between poles of spindle |
| D |
distance between poles of spindle |
distance of centromere from pole of spindle | distance between sister chromatids |
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21 mark
What features would be observed in a human cell immediately before the onset of mitosis?
|
number of molecules of DNA in nucleus |
nuclear envelope present |
number of chromatids |
spindle present | |
| A | 46 | no | 46 | yes |
| B | 46 | yes | 92 | no |
| C | 92 | yes | 46 | yes |
| D | 92 | yes | 92 | no |
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31 mark
The graph shows the changes in the quantity of DNA present in the nucleus of one cell at different stages of a mammal’s life cycle.
Which stage takes place at X?
interphase
metaphase
prophase
telophase
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41 mark
The protein called mitosis-promoting factor (MPF) has been discovered in cells and is known to cause prophase to start. Usually MPF breaks down and stops functioning during anaphase.
What is a possible consequence of MPF not breaking down?
cells produced are smaller than usual
early cytokinesis
uncontrolled cell division
four cells being made from one parent cell
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51 mark
Some chemotherapy treatments used to stop tumour growth work by preventing the DNA double helix from uncoiling and separating.
During which stage of the cell cycle would they act?
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
interphase
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61 mark
Nocodazole is a chemical used in the study of mitosis. It causes all mitotic cells to stop dividing at metaphase.
Which statements correctly identify how this chemical might work?
|
1 |
prevents replication of the centrioles |
|
2 |
stops sister chromatids migrating to opposite poles |
|
3 |
inhibits chromatin condensing in the nucleus |
2 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2 and 3
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71 mark
Cancer cells have distinctive differences from normal cell, for example they are sometimes much bigger and sometime smaller and they don’t produce proteins required on the cell surface for cell adhesion and signalling.
Which stage of the cell cycle is most affected in cancer cells?
anaphase
metaphase
cytokinesis
interphase
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81 mark
A student studied a garlic root tip under a microscope and records the following data.
| Stage | Number of Cells |
| Interphase | 793 |
| Prophase | 64 |
| Metaphase | 21 |
| Anaphase | 8 |
| Telophase | 6 |
| Total = 892 |
What percentage of studied cells have chromosomes visable and have pairs of chromatids joined together?
7.2%
9.5%
10.2%
98.4%
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91 mark
The graph shows three measurements obtained following metaphase of mitosis.
What measurements do the curves represent?
| distance between centromeres and poles of spindle |
distance between centromeres of sister chromatids |
distance between poles of spindle | |
| A | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| B | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| C | 3 | 1 | 2 |
| D | 1 | 3 | 2 |
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101 mark
Cells of a root tip meristem were studied and the number of cells in each phase of the cell cycle are noted in the table below.
| Stage | Number of Cells |
| Interphase | 206 |
| Prophase | 57 |
| Metaphase | 18 |
| Anaphase | 10 |
| Telophase | 44 |
| Total = 335 |
A complete cell cycle of a root tip meristem cell is 24 hours.
How long do these cells take to line chromosomes up on the cell equator?
43 minutes
77 minutes
189 minutes
245 minutes
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11 mark
The photomicrograph shows cells in different stages of mitosis.
In which order do these stages occur?
4 → 1 → 3 → 2 → 5
4 → 1 → 2 → 3 → 5
4 → 3 → 5 → 1 → 2
4 → 5 → 1 → 2 → 3
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21 mark
Each of the following events takes place during mitosis.
|
1 |
Chromosomes uncoil |
|
2 |
Chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell |
|
3 |
Centromeres divide |
|
4 |
Chromosomes line up along the equator of the spindle |
|
5 |
Two chromatids are joined by a centromere |
In which order do the events take place?
|
First ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯→ Last |
|||||
|
A B C D |
1 3 4 5 |
2 1 5 4 |
4 2 3 3 |
5 4 1 2 |
3 5 2 1 |
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31 mark
The mitotic spindle has a key role in mitosis.
What macromolecule is the spindle made from?
nucleic acid
polypeptide
phospholipid
polysaccharide
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41 mark
The diagram shows the chromosomes of a squashed cell during mitosis.
Which stage of mitosis is the cell in and what is the haploid chromosome number in this species?
|
haploid chromosome number |
stage of mitosis |
|
|
A B C D |
5 5 10 10 |
anaphase metaphase anaphase metaphase |
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51 mark
The diagram shows a plant cell’s chromosomes during metaphase.
Which row correctly describes this plant cell during metaphase?
|
diploid number (2n) for the plant |
structures present at metaphase |
|||
|
cell wall |
centriole |
spindle |
||
|
A B C D |
4 8 8 16 |
✔ ✕ ✔ ✔ |
✕ ✔ ✕ ✔ |
✔ ✔ ✔ ✕ |
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61 mark
What row correctly describes an animal cell’s nuclear envelope, centrioles and spindle during mitosis?
|
phase |
nuclear envelope |
centrioles |
spindle |
|
|
A B C D |
anaphase metaphase prophase telophase |
absent reforms breaks up breaks up |
replicate present move apart replicate |
present present forms breaks up |
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71 mark
Colchicine is a drug that is used to treat imflammaton and pain. Its action within cells is to stop chromatids from separating during mitosis.
Which phase will the cell reach and then stop dividing?
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
telophase
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81 mark
Which is the correct statement concerning cell and nuclear division?
Mutagens can cause mutations whereas carcinogens can cause cancer. This means that all mutagens are carcinogenic.
Just before prophase, the mass of DNA is double the normal mass. Following anaphase, this mass is reduced by half and following cytokinesis this mass halves again.
Haploid eukaryotes can reproduce by mitosis whereas diploid eukaryotes can reproduce by mitosis or meiosis.
Some of the roles of mitosis are growth, asexual reproduction, cell repair following tissue damage and cell replacement.
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91 mark
Which statement about stages in mitosis correct?
in metaphase the nuclear envelope breaks down
in telophase chromatids separate
in anaphase centrosomes divide
in prophase centrioles separate
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101 mark
What of the following does not happen in an animal cell cycle?
|
1 |
DNA is expressed |
|
2 |
spindle is formed from microtubules |
|
3 |
cell plate forms to divide daughter cells |
3 only
1 and 3 only
2 only
none
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