Planning (Edexcel IGCSE Geography)

Revision Note

Bridgette

Author

Bridgette

Expertise

Geography Lead

Enquiry Question

Enquiry Process

  • There are six stages to the enquiry process
    • Planning and introduction
    • Methods and data collection
    • Data presentation
    • Analysis
    • Conclusions 
    • Evaluation
  • The exam may include questions on any of these stages

Aims/Hypothesis

  • Fieldwork is based around an enquiry into a 'real life' issue
    • This is linked to the content in the specification and then related to a place-specific context
  • All fieldwork begins with the aims and hypothesis
  • The aim explains what the enquiry is attempting to achieve 
    • An investigation into changes in beach profiles along Mappleton Beach
    • An investigation into the impact of building a wind farm in rural Lincolnshire
  • The hypothesis needs to be clear, directional and measurable, it is a statement which can be tested
    • River discharge increases with distance from the source of the River Dove
    • Environmental quality increases with distance from the new housing estate in Swanland, East Yorkshire
  • Aims and hypotheses may be based on what is already known about the topic. For example, Bradshaw's model of rivers

Location & Suitable Site

  • The location of fieldwork will depend on a number of factors:
    • The topic of the enquiry - a coastal enquiry has to be located at the coast
    • Distance - the greater the distance the less time will be available for collecting data
    • Accessibility - the location needs to be easy to travel to
    • Suitability - the site needs to provide the data required to test the hypothesis
  • Once the location has been decided sampling is used to identify the sample sites within the location

Risk Assessment

  • Any fieldwork will involve consideration of health and safety using a risk assessment
  • Hazards should be identified 
    • Who is at risk and why?
    • What precautions can be taken to reduce the risk?
Potential Hazard Risk Posed How Managed?
Weather conditions

Heavy rainfall can cause flash flooding 

Strong sun can lead to sunburn/heatstroke

Check the weather forecast prior to entering the river

Apply sunscreen

Wear a hat

Slippery rocks Risk of slipping on rocks causing injury

Sturdy, appropriate footwear with good grips on the sole

Waterborne diseases  Weil's disease can be contracted through contaminated freshwater

Ensure that hands are washed after being in the water and any open wounds are covered

Anti-bacterial hand wash to be used after contact with water

Working in an unfamiliar place Becoming lost Students should work in groups and carry maps/mobile phones. Students could also wear high-visibility jackets
Misuse of equipment Ranging poles and other equipment may cause injury if not used correctly Ensure that students know how to handle equipment correctly
Traffic Risks associated with crossing the road and walking on pavements Students should wear high-visibility jackets and reminded of safe procedures for crossing the road
Contact with strangers Questionnaire completion may involve contact with strangers, risk of offending or annoying people Plan questions carefully, if someone takes offence or becomes annoyed withdraw from the situation, work in groups
Cliffs Risk of rock falls or cliff collapse Wear a safety helmet when working below a cliff face, do not climb the cliff, do not work at cliff faces in very wet/windy weather
Tides Becoming trapped by the incoming tide Check tide tables to ensure that students are not working whilst the tide is coming in
Livestock  Being attacked by aggressive animals Do not approach animals, and avoid fields with livestock if possible

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Bridgette

Author: Bridgette

After graduating with a degree in Geography, Bridgette completed a PGCE over 25 years ago. She later gained an MA Learning, Technology and Education from the University of Nottingham focussing on online learning. At a time when the study of geography has never been more important, Bridgette is passionate about creating content which supports students in achieving their potential in geography and builds their confidence.