Organisation of Cells (CIE IGCSE Biology)
Revision Note
Author
LáraExpertise
Biology Lead
Producing New Cells
- The cells in your body need to be able to divide to help your body grow and repair itself
- Cells grow and divide over and over again
- New cells are produced by the division of existing cells
Specialised Cells
Specialised cells in animals
- Specialised cells are those which have developed certain characteristics in order to perform particular functions. These differences are controlled by genes in the nucleus
- Cells specialise by undergoing differentiation: this is a process by which cells develop the structure and characteristics needed to be able to carry out their functions
Specialised Cells in Animals Table
Diagrams of specialised cells in animals:
Ciliated cell
Nerve cell
Red blood cells
Sperm cell
Egg cell
Examples of specialised cells in plants:
Diagrams of specialised cells in plants:
Root hair cell
Xylem structure
Palisade mesophyll cell
Levels of Organisation in an Organism
Levels of organisation
- Your syllabus states that you should be able to identify the different levels of organisation in drawings, diagrams and images of familiar material
- An example of this is shown in the exam question below:
Typical levels of organisation question
Exam Tip
Most incorrect answers here come from not being able to identify a tissue, so it’s worth making sure you understand and remember that tissues are always made up of only one type of cell.
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