AQA GCSE Combined – Chemistry: Revision Notes

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Concise revision notes for the AQA GCSE (9-1) Combined Science: Trilogy – Chemistry course

1. Atomic Structure & the Periodic Table

1.1 Simple Model of the Atom

1.1.1 Atoms, Elements & Compounds

1.1.2 Mixtures

1.1.3 The History of the Atom

1.1.4 Charge of Subatomic Particles

1.1.5 Size & Mass of Atoms

1.1.6 Relative Atomic Mass

1.1.7 Electronic Structure

1.2 The Periodic Table

1.2.1 Arranging the Elements

1.2.2 History of the Periodic Table

1.2.3 Metals & Non-Metals

1.2.4 Group 0

1.2.5 Group 1

1.2.6 Group 7

2. Bonds, Structure & Properties of Matter

2.1 Ionic, Covalent & Metallic Bonds

2.1.1 Chemical Bonds

2.1.2 Ionic Bonding

2.1.3 Ionic Compounds

2.1.4 Covalent Bonding

2.1.5 Metallic Bonding

2.2 Bonding & Substance Properties

2.2.1 The States of Matter

2.2.2 State Symbols

2.2.3 Properties of Ionic Compounds

2.2.4 Properties of Small Molecules

2.2.5 Polymers

2.2.6 Giant Covalent Structures

2.2.7 Properties of Metals & Alloys

2.2.8 Metals as Conductors

2.3 Structure & Bonding of Carbon

2.3.1 Diamond

2.3.2 Graphite

2.3.3 Graphene & Fullerenes

3. Quantitative Chemistry

3.1 Measurement, Mass & Equations

3.1.1 Mass Conservation & Equations

3.1.2 Relative Formula Mass

3.1.3 Mass Changes Involving a Gas

3.1.4 Chemical Measurements

3.2 Calculating Mass of Substances

3.2.1 The Mole (Higher Tier)

3.2.2 Reacting Masses (Higher Tier)

3.2.3 Balancing Equations With Moles (Higher Tier)

3.2.4 Limiting Reactants (Higher Tier)

3.2.5 Concentration of Solutions

4. Chemical Changes

4.1 Reactivity of Metals

4.1.1 Metal Oxides

4.1.2 The Reactivity Series

4.1.3 Metal Extraction & Reduction

4.1.4 Electrons in REDOX Reactions (Higher Tier)

4.2 Reactions of Acids

4.2.1 Reactions of Acids with Metals

4.2.2 Neutralising Acid & Making Salt

4.2.3 Soluble Salts

4.2.4 The pH Scale & Neutralisation

4.2.5 Strong & Weak Acids (Higher Tier)

4.3 Electrolysis

4.3.1 The Process of Electrolysis

4.3.2 Electrolysing Molten Compounds

4.3.3 Electrolysis in Metal Extraction

4.3.4 Electrolysing Aqueous Solutions

4.3.5 Electrode RXN’s: 1/2 Equations (Higher Tier)

5. Energy Changes

5.1 Exothermic & Endothermic RXN’s

5.1.1 Energy Transfer in Reactions

5.1.2 Reaction Profiles

5.1.3 The Energy Change of Reactions

6. Chemical Change: Rate & Extent

6.1 Rate of Reaction

6.1.1 Calculating Rates of Reactions

6.1.2 Changing the Rate of Reaction

6.1.3 Collisions & Activation Energy

6.1.4 Chemical Catalysis

6.2 Reversibility & Equilibrium

6.2.1 Reversible Reactions

6.2.2 Energy Change & Reversibility

6.2.3 Equilibrium

6.2.4 Condition Changes & Equilibrium (Higher Tier)

6.2.5 Effect of Concentration Change (Higher Tier)

6.2.6 Effect of Temperature Change (Higher Tier)

6.2.7 Effect of Pressure Change (Higher Tier)

7. Organic Chemistry

7.1 Hydrocarbons: Fuel & Feedstock

7.1.1 Crude Oil, Hydrocarbons & Alkanes

7.1.2 Fractional Distillation & Petrochemicals

7.1.3 Properties of Hydrocarbons

7.1.4 Cracking & Alkenes

8. Chemical Analysis

8.1 Purity, Formulations & Chromatography

8.1.1 Pure Substances

8.1.2 Formulations

8.1.3 Chromatography

8.2 Identifcation of Common Gases

8.2.1 Test for Hydrogen

8.2.2 Test for Oxygen

8.2.3 Test for Carbon Dioxide

8.2.4 Test for Chlorine

9. Chemistry of the Atmosphere

9.1 Formation of Earth’s Atmosphere

9.1.1 Gases in the Atmosphere

9.1.2 Earth’s Early Atmosphere

9.1.3 How Oxygen Increased

9.1.4 How Carbon Dioxide Decreased

9.2 CO2 & CH4 as Greenhouse Gases

9.2.1 Greenhouse Gases

9.2.2 Humanity & Greenhouse Gases

9.2.3 Global Climate Change

9.2.4 The Carbon Footprint

9.3 Causes of Atmospheric Pollution

9.3.1 Atmospheric Pollutants in Fuels

9.3.2 Main Atmospheric Pollutants

10. Using Resources

10.1 Global Reserves & Potable Water

10.1.1 Resources & Sustainability

10.1.2 Potable Water

10.1.3 Waste Water Treatment

10.1.4 Metal Extraction by Other Means

10.2 Life Cycle Analysis & Recycling

10.2.1 Life Cycle Assessment

10.2.2 Reducing Use of Resources