DP IB Chemistry: HL

Topic Questions

IBChemistry: HLDPTopic Questions3. Periodicity3.2 Oxides, Group 1 & Group 17

Syllabus Edition

First teaching 2014

Last exams 2024

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3.2 Oxides, Group 1 & Group 17

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11 mark

What happens to the pH of water when magnesium oxide is dissolved into it?

  • The pH increases, because MgO is acidic

  • The pH decreases, because MgO is basic

  • The pH increases, because MgO is basic

  • Nothing happens because MgO is neutral

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21 mark

The Group II metals have higher melting points than the Group I metals.

Which factors result in Group II metals having higher melting points?

1
Group II metals have higher first ionisation energy than the corresponding group I metal
2
there are smaller interatomic distances in the metallic lattices of the Group II metals
3
more electrons are available from each Group II metal atom for metallic bonding in the lattice

  • 1 only 

  • 1 and 2 only

  • 2 and 3 only

  • 1, 2 and 3

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31 mark

What happens when iodine is bubbled through aqueous potassium bromide?

  • Iodine is oxidised to iodide ions

  • Potassium bromide is reduced to bromine

  • Bromide ions are oxidised to bromine

  • No reaction occurs

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41 mark

The halogens exist as diatomic molecules, X2.

Descending down Group 17 from chlorine to iodine the boiling points of the elements increase.

Which statement explains this trend?

  • The permanent dipole in the X2 molecule increases as the group is descended

  • The X–X bond strength increases as the group is descended

  • The electronegativity of X decreases as the group is descended 

  • The number of electrons in each X2 molecule increases as the group is descended 

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51 mark

How do the strengths of the forces between molecules, and the bonds within molecules, vary going down Group 17 from chlorine to bromine to iodine? 

  strength of London dispersion forces strength of covalent bonds
A increase increase
B decrease increase
C increase decrease
D decrease decrease

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61 mark

Most non-metallic oxides can be described as

  • Ionic and alkaline

  • Covalent and alkaline

  • Covalent and acidic

  • Ionic and acidic

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71 mark

Which of the options below correctly contains a basic, acidic and amphoteric oxide?

  • K2O, SrO, Al2O3

  • BeO, Al2O3, Br2O

  • Al2O3, SiO2, P4O10

  • P4O10, SO3, F2O

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81 mark

Which pair of elements reacts most readily?

  • Li + Br2

  • Li + Cl2

  • K + Br2

  • K + Cl2

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91 mark

Chlorine is a greenish-yellow gas, bromine is a dark red liquid, and iodine is a dark grey solid.

Which property most directly causes these differences in volatility?

  • The halogen–halogen bond energy

  • The number of neutrons in the nucleus of the halogen atom

  • The number of outer electrons in the halogen atom

  • The number of electrons in the halogen molecule

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101 mark

Which property increases down group 1 from lithium to caesium?

  • Chemical reactivity

  • First ionisation energy

  • Melting point

  • Electronegativity

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11 mark

G and J are oxides of different Period 3 elements.

If one mole of J is added to water, the solution formed is neutralised by exactly one mole of G.

What could be the identities of G and J? 

  G J
A Na2O SO3
B Na2O P4O10
C Al2O3 SO3
D Al2O3 P4O10

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21 mark

An element is found in group I of the periodic table, below lithium and sodium. From this information it is likely that the element is a metal with 

  • A high melting point and which reacts slowly with water

  • A low melting point and which reacts vigorously with water

  • A high melting point and which reacts vigorously with water

  • A low melting point and which reacts slowly with water

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31 mark

A student opens a freezer in their lab to remove a test tube containing an oxide of a Period 3 element. The oxide is a solid and forms a solution with a low pH when dissolved in water. 

Identify the element.

  • S

  • Al

  • Si

  • Mg

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41 mark

The x-axis of the graph below is the atomic number of the elements in Period 3.

q4_3-2_hard_mcq_ib-chemistry-sl

Which variable could represent the y-axis?

  • Melting point 

  • Electronegativity

  • Ionic radius

  • Atomic radius

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51 mark

The first ionisation energies and reactions with water for sodium and caesium are compared below.

Which set of statements, comparing sodium and caesium, are correct?

 

Na first ionisation energy

Cs first ionisation energy

Na reaction with water

Cs reaction with water

A

Lower

Higher

Faster

Slower

B

Lower

Higher

Slower

Faster

C

Higher

Lower

Faster

Slower

D

Higher

Lower

Slower

Faster

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61 mark

An element Z has the same oxidation state as a common iron ion but the Z ion has the same number of electrons as Ne . An oxide of element Z reacts with a strong acid to produce a chloride salt but does not dissolve in water.

What is the correct identity of element Z?

  • Magnesium

  • Silicon

  • Sodium

  • Aluminium

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71 mark

X, Y and Z represent different halogens. The table shows the results of nine experiments in which aqueous solutions of X2, Y2 and Z2 were separately added to separate aqueous solutions containing X-, Y- and Z- ions.

 

X- (aq)

Y- (aq)

Z- (aq)

X2 (aq)

Y2 (aq)

Z2 (aq)

no reaction

X2 formed

X2 formed

no reaction

no reaction

no reaction

no reaction

Z2 formed

no reaction

What is the correct order to show the decreasing strength of the ions X-, Y- and Z-  as reducing agents?

  • X- > Y- > Z- 

  • X- > Z- > Y- 

  • Y- > Z- > X- 

  • Z- > X- > Y- 

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81 mark

A student wants to identify an unknown alkali metal halide salt, MX. The student performs experiments on the alkali metal, M, and halogen, X2, which make up the salt.

The student’s results and observations are shown.

Test

Observation

The metal, M, is added to water

The metal reacts violently with water producing a lilac flame

The halogen, X2, is bubbled through a solution of the metal bromide, MBr

The solution changes from colourless to orange

The halide ion, X-, is added to a solution of silver ions

A white precipitate forms

What is the identity of the unknown alkali metal, MX?

  • Lithium chloride

  • Potassium iodide

  • Potassium chloride

  • Lithium iodide

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91 mark

A dark red/brown solution is formed when a halide salt containing the halide ion Y- reacts with aqueous chlorine. This solution then forms a violet solution when shaken with a cyclohexane solution.

What is halogen, Y?

  • Fluorine

  • Iodine

  • Iodide

  • Bromide

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101 mark

A student reacts the most basic period 3 oxide with the strongest acid formed from a period 3 element.

Identify the correct equation for this reaction

  • Na2O + 2HCl  → 2NaCl  + H2O

  • 3MgO + 2H3PO4 → Mg3(PO4)2 + 3H2O

  • Na2O + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O

  • MgO + HCl → MgCl2 + H2O

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11 mark

Which statement correctly describes the trend in metallic radius in group I elements
Na to Rb?

  1. Increases moving down the group
  2. Increases moving down due to the addition of electron shells
  3. Decreases moving down due to increasing nuclear forces

  • I and II only  

  • I and III only  

  • II and III only 

  • I, II and III

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21 mark

The Period 4 elements gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) are the elements directly below aluminium, silicon, phosphorus and sulfur in the Periodic Table.

The properties of each Period 4 element resemble those of the Period 3 element directly above it.

Which period 4 elements form oxides that dissolve in water to give an acidic solution?

  • Ga and Ge 

  • Ge and Se

  • As and Se 

  • Se only

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31 mark

Non-metallic elements in the p block can have the following two properties:

                 property 1        atoms with no paired electrons in 3p

      property 2        have an oxide that can form a strong acid in water

Which properties do phosphorus and sulfur have? 

  sulfur phosphorus
A

2 only

1 and 2 
B

1 and 2 

2 only
C

1 and 2 

1 and 2
D 2 only 1 only

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41 mark

Which graph correctly illustrates a trend found in the halogen group?q4_medium_mcq_3-2_ib-chemistry-sl

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51 mark

Which of the following statements is true as you move down group 1?

  • The first ionisation energy increases

  • The atomic radius increases

  • The melting point increases

  • The reaction with water becomes less vigorous

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61 mark

Which statement is not correct?

  • Caesium has a lower first ionisation energy than rubidium

  • Rubidium reacts less violently with water than potassium

  • Potassium has a larger atomic radius than sodium

  • Sodium melts at a higher temperature than caesium

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71 mark

When a student dissolved the oxides of calcium and tellurium in water, the resulting solutions were tested with litmus paper. It would be seen that:

  • Calcium turns litmus paper blue, but tellurium turns litmus paper red

  • Calcium and tellurium both turn litmus paper red

  • Calcium turns litmus paper red, but tellurium turns litmus paper blue

  • Calcium and tellurium both turn litmus paper blue

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81 mark

Which of the following statements about strontium oxide and lithium oxide are true?

  1. Strontium oxide has pH > 7
  2. Lithium oxide is basic
  3. A solution containing both oxides would turn universal indicator red 

  • I and II only

  • I and III only 

  • II and III only

  • I, II and III

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91 mark

Which statements are correct?

  1. Fluorine will react with potassium chloride solution to produce chlorine.
  2. Iodine will react with sodium chloride solution to produce chlorine.
  3. Bromine will react with lithium iodide solution to produce iodine.

  • I and II only

  • I and III only

  • II and III only

  • I, II and III

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101 mark

Which is a characteristic property of sodium oxide?

  • It turns moist litmus paper blue

  • It turns moist litmus paper red

  • When it dissolves in distilled water it forms a solution with pH less than 7

  • It reacts with magnesium metal

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