CIE AS Physics

Topic Questions

ASPhysicsCIETopic Questions9. Electricity9.2 Resistance

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First teaching 2020

Last exams 2024

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9.2 Resistance

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11 mark

Which equation is used to define resistance?

  • energy = (current)2 × resistance × time  

  • potential difference = current × resistance

  • power = (current)2 × resistance

  • resistivity = resistance × area ÷ length

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21 mark

What is the unit of resistance when expressed in SI base units?

  • kg m2 s–2 A–1

  • kg m2 s–3 A–2

  • kg m s–2 A–1

  • kg m s–3 A–1

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31 mark

Which graph shows the I–V characteristic of a filament lamp ?

cie-ial-physics-images-9-2-e-q3-

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41 mark

The resistance R of a resistor is determined by measuring the potential difference V across it and the current I in it. The value of R is then calculated using the equation

begin mathsize 16px style R equals V over I end style

 The values measured are V = 1.00 ± 0.05 V and I  = 0.50 ± 0.01 A.

 What is the percentage uncertainty in the value of R ?

  • 2.5 %

  • 3.0 %

  • 7.0 %

  • 10.0 %

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51 mark

The graph shows how the electric current I  through a conducting liquid varies with the potential difference V across it.

 At which point on the graph does the liquid have the smallest resistance?

cie-ial-images449png

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61 mark

 The graphs show the variation with potential difference V of the current I for three circuit components.

cie-ial-images451png

The components are a metal wire at constant temperature, a semiconductor diode and a filament lamp.

 Which row of the table correctly identifies these graphs?

 

 

Metal wire at constant temperature

Semiconductor diode

Filament lamp

A

B

C

D

X

Y

Y

Z

Z

X

Z

X

Y

Z

X

Y

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71 mark

What is a correct statement of Ohm's Law?

  • the potential difference across a component equals the current providing the resistance and other physical conditions stay constant

  • the potential difference across a component equals the current multiplied by the resistance

  • the potential difference across a component is proportional to its resistance.

  • the potential difference across a component is proportional to the current in it providing physical conditions stay constant

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81 mark

The graphs show possible current-voltage (I–V) relationships for a filament lamp and a semiconductor diode.

cie-ial-images452png

Which row best specifies the correct I–V graphs for the lamp and the diode?

 

 

Filament lamp

Semiconductor diode

A

B

C

D

P

P

Q

Q

R

S

R

S

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91 mark

An electrical component has a potential difference V across it and a current I  through it. A graph of I against V is drawn and is marked in three sections WX, XY and YZ.

cie-ial-images453png

In which ways does the resistance of the component vary within each of the three sections?

 

 

WX

XY

YZ

A

B

C

D

constant

constant

increases

increases

decreases

increases

decreases

increases

increases

increases

constant

decreases

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101 mark

The graph shows the variation with potential difference (p. d.) of the current in a lamp filament.

cie-ial-images455png

Which statement explains the shape of this graph?

  • as the filament temperature rises, electrons can pass more easily through the filament

  • it takes time for the filament to reach its working temperature

  • the power output of the filament is proportional to the square of the current in it

  • the resistance of the filament increases with a rise in temperature

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11 mark

The diagram shows an electric pump for a garden fountain connected by an 18 m cable to a 230 V mains electrical supply.

cie-ial-images467png

The performance of the pump is acceptable if the potential difference (p.d.) across it is at least 218 V. The current through it is then 0.83 A.

 What is the maximum resistance per meter of each of the two wires in the cable if the pump is to perform acceptably?

  • 0.40 Ω m–1

  • 0.80 Ω m–1

  • 1.3 Ω m–1

  • 1.4 Ω m–1

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21 mark

The graph below shows the variation of the current I through a lamp with potential difference V across it.

cie-ial-images468png

Which of the following graphs best represents the variation of power P dissipated in the same lamp with I 2 ?

cie-ial-physics-images-9-2-h-q2

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31 mark

Circuit contains three identical lamps A, B and C. Circuit also contains three switches, S1, S2 and S3, as shown.

cie-ial-images473png

One of the lamps is faulty. In order to detect the fault, an ohm-meter is connected between terminals X and Y.

 When measuring resistance, the ohm-meter causes negligible current in the circuit. Readings of the ohm-meter for different switch positions are shown in the table.

Switch

Meter reading / Ω

S1

S2

S3

open

closed

open

open

open

open

closed

closed

open

open

open

closed

∞

15

30

15

Which lamps are faulty?

  • A & B

  • B only

  • B & C

  • C only

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41 mark

The current flowing through a component varies with the potential difference V across it as shown.

cie-ial-images474png

Which graph best represents how the resistance R varies with V ?

cie-ial-physics-images-9-2-h-q4

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51 mark

The circular cross-sectional area of a uniform metal wire varies along its length. There is a current in the wire. The narrow end of the wire is at a reference potential of zero.

cie-ial-images479png

Which graph best represents the variation with distance x along the wire of the potential difference V relative to the reference zero?

cie-ial-physics-images-9-2-h-q5

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61 mark

The graph shows the I -V characteristics of a semiconductor diode

cie-ial-images484png

A cell of e. m .f. 1.2 V and negligible internal resistance is connected in series to a semiconductor diode and a resistor R1, as shown below

cie-ial-images485png

A resistor R2 of resistance 375 Ω is connected across the cell. The diode has the characteristic shown in the graph. The current supplied by the cell is 7.6 mA.

 What is the resistance of R1?

  • 82 Ω

  • 114 Ω

  • 160 Ω

  • 260 Ω

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71 mark

The graph shows how the current I varies with potential difference V for an electrical component.

Which row of the table gives the resistance of the component at V2 and describes how the resistance changes from V1 to V2 ?

 

Resistance at V2

Change in resistance from V1 to V2

A

fraction numerator V subscript 2 minus V subscript 1 over denominator I subscript 2 minus I subscript 1 end fraction 

increases

B

fraction numerator V subscript 2 minus V subscript 1 over denominator I subscript 2 minus I subscript 1 end fraction 

decreases

C

V subscript 2 over I subscript 2 

increases

D

 V subscript 2 over I subscript 2

decreases

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81 mark

The graph shows the relationship between potential difference V and current I for a fixed 20 Ω resistor and a filament lamp.

cie-ial-images487png

The resistor and lamp are placed in series with a 9 V battery of negligible internal resistance. What is the current in the circuit ?

  • 0.1 A

  • 0.2 A

  • 0.3 A

  • 0.4 A

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91 mark

The graphs show the I -V characteristics for a metal conductor and a thermistor

cie-ial-images490png

What is the ratio fraction numerator r e s i s tan c e space o f space t h e r m i s t o r space a t space p o i n t space A over denominator r e s i s tan c e space o f space m e t a l space c o n d u c t o r end fraction  ?

  • 2 over 5

  • 1 half

  • 2 over 1

  • 5 over 2

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101 mark

One style of light bulb, very different from the "incandescent" design which works on the principle of a super-heated wire filament emitting light, is called a gas discharge tube.

 In this design of light bulb, light is produced by the direct excitation of gas molecules as electric current passes between two electrodes.

cie-ial-images492png

What will the I - V graphs of these bulbs look like?

cie-ial-physics-images-9-2-h-q10

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11 mark

The graph shows how current I varies with voltage V for a filament lamp.

cie-ial-images456png

Since the graph is not a straight line, the resistance of the lamp varies with V.

 Which row gives the correct resistance at the stated value of V?

 

 

V / V

R / Ω

A

B

C

D

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

1.5

3.2

1.9

0.9

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21 mark

A charge of 8.0 C passes through a resistor of resistance 30 Ω at a constant rate in a time of 20 s.

 What is the potential difference across the resistor?

  • 0.40 V

  • 5.3 V

  • 12 V

  • 75 V

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31 mark

The I -V characteristics of two electrical components P and Q are shown below.

cie-ial-images457png

Which statement is correct ?

  • P is a resistor and Q is a filament lamp

  • the resistance of Q increases as the current in it increases

  • for a current of 1.9 A, the resistance of Q is approximately half that of P

  • for a current of 0.5 A, the power dissipated in Q is double that in P

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41 mark

The resistance R of a resistor is to be determined. The current I in the resistor and the potential difference V across it are measured.

 The results, with their uncertainties, are

                  I = (2.0 ± 0.2) A                     V = (15.0 ± 0.5) V

 What is the uncertainty in this value for R ?

  • ± 0.3 Ω

  • ± 0.5 Ω

  • ± 0.7 Ω

  • ± 1 Ω

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51 mark

The variation with potential difference V of the current I in a semiconductor diode is shown below.

cie-ial-images458png

What is the resistance of the diode for applied potential differences of +1.0 V and –1.0 V ?

 

 

Resistance

at +1.0 V

at –1.0 V

A

B

C

D

20 Ω

20 Ω

0.05 Ω

0.05 Ω

infinite

zero

infinite

zero

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61 mark

A battery of negligible internal resistance is connected to two 10 Ω resistors in series.

cie-ial-images459png

What charge flows through each of the 10 Ω resistors in 1 minute?

  • 0.30 C

  • 0.60 C

  • 3.0 C

  • 18 C

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71 mark

Two heating coils X and Y, of resistance RX and RY respectively, deliver the same power when 12 V is applied across X and 6 V is applied across Y.

 What is the ratio R subscript X over R subscript Y  ?

  • 1 fourth

  • 1 half

  • 2

  • 4

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81 mark

A student found two unmarked resistors. To determine the resistance of the resistors, the circuit below was set up. The resistors were connected in turn between P and Q, noting the current readings.

 The voltage readings were noted without the resistors and with each resistor in turn.

cie-ial-images460png

The results were entered into a spreadsheet, as shown.

1.5

1.3

28

46

1.5

1.4

14

100

The student forgot to enter the column headings.

 Which order of the headings would be correct?

A

e.m.f / V

V / V

R / Ω

I / mA

B

V / V

e.m.f / V

R / Ω

I / mA

C

V / V

e.m.f / V

I / mA

R / Ω

D

e.m.f / V

V / V

I / mA

R / Ω

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91 mark

A 2 Ω resistor and a 4 Ω resistor are connected to a cell.

cie-ial-images461png

Which graph shows how the potential V varies with distance between X and Y ?

cie-ial-physics-images-9-2-m-q9

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101 mark

The diagram shows a length of track from a model railway connected to a battery, a resistor and a relay coil.

cie-ial-images466png

With no train present, there is a current in the relay coil which operates a switch to turn on a light.

 When a train occupies the section of track, most of the current flows through the wheels and axles of the train in preference to the relay coil. The switch in the relay turns off the light.

 Why is a resistor placed between the battery and the track?

  • to limit the heating of the wheels of the train

  • to limit the energy lost in the relay coil when a train is present

  • to prevent a short circuit of the battery when a train is present

  • to protect the relay when a train is present

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